Fluid dynamic pressure bearing device, spindle motor and disk drive apparatus

ABSTRACT

A fluid dynamic bearing mechanism includes a stationary shaft, a sleeve portion arranged to rotate with respect to the shaft, and a thrust portion including an upper end surface arranged oppose to a lower end surface of the sleeve portion. An inside surface of the thrust portion includes an inside surface contact portion arranged in contact with an outside surface of the shaft, and an inside surface lower non-contact portion spaced away from the outside surface of the shaft, and arranged to extend downward from a lower end of the inside surface contact portion. An outside surface of the thrust portion includes an outside surface inclined portion arranged in contact with an interface of a lubricating oil. The lower end of the inside surface contact portion is arranged at a level axially higher than that of a lower end of the outside surface inclined portion.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a fluid dynamic pressure bearingdevice, a spindle motor provided with the bearing device and a diskdrive apparatus provided with the spindle motor. The present inventionalso relates to a bearing mechanism using fluid dynamic pressure, aspindle motor, and a disk drive apparatus.

2. Description of the Related Art

In recent years, a storage disk drive apparatus has been used in apersonal computer, a car navigation and so forth. The storage disk driveapparatus is required to have increased density while also beingsmall-sized, low-profile and lightweight. Demands for a high rotationnumber and a highly accurate rotational operation exist in a spindlemotor used in rotating disks.

A conventional fluid dynamic pressure bearing device includes a conicaldynamic pressure bearing unit for radially and axially supporting ashaft or a sleeve. As the shaft and the sleeve rotation relative to oneanother, a fluid dynamic pressure is generated in the lubricating fluidfilled in a minute gap by the pumping action of dynamic pressure groovearrays of the conical dynamic pressure bearing unit. The shaft or thesleeve is radially and axially supported by the fluid dynamic pressurethus generated.

However, with the conventional dynamic pressure bearing device it issometimes the case that a strong impact caused by external factors isapplied to the fluid dynamic pressure bearing device in a tapering sealportion formed between the outer circumferential surface of an annularmember and the inner circumferential surface of a seal member (or theinner circumferential surface of a rotating member such as a hub or thelike in case of not employing the seal member). At this time, the widthof a minute gap between the radial outermost portion of the annularmember in a cross-section containing a center axis and the innercircumferential surface of the seal member (or the inner circumferentialsurface of the rotating member) becomes momentarily zero. As a result,the annular member and the seal member (or the rotating member) makecontact with each other in the zero-width region. The lubricating fluidheld in the tapering seal portion then momentarily leaks out from thezero-width region.

Some conventional electric motors include a bearing mechanism usingfluid dynamic pressure. For example, a fluid dynamic bearing apparatusused in a spindle motor disclosed in JP-A 2007-162759 includes a shaftand a tubular sleeve body inside which the shaft is inserted. The shaftis fixed to a base plate of the motor. The sleeve body is fixed to arotor of the motor. The shaft is provided with two annular thrustflanges which are arranged above and below the sleeve body,respectively. The fluid dynamic bearing apparatus includes a radialbearing portion, which is arranged between the shaft and the sleevebody, and thrust bearing portions, which are arranged between each ofthe two thrust flanges and the sleeve body. As a result, the sleeve bodyand the rotor are rotatably supported relative to the shaft. The sleevebody has a communicating hole defined therein so as to communicate twothrust gaps with each other. Interfaces for lubricating oil are formedin the vicinity of upper and lower end openings of the communicatinghole.

A fluid dynamic bearing motor disclosed in JP-A 2000-245104 includes ashaft fixed to a base, and a sleeve arranged to rotate around the shaft.A disc-shaped thrust plate made of stainless steel is fixed to theshaft. The sleeve is provided with an annular thrust bushing made of adifferent type of stainless steel. The thrust plate and the thrustbushing are arranged opposite to each other along a direction parallelto the shaft. The thrust plate and the thrust bushing together define athrust gap therebetween. The thrust bushing in this fluid dynamicbearing motor is made of a stainless steel of superior durability, andthis contributes to preventing an edge of the thrust plate from damagingthe thrust bushing.

However, in the case of a bearing mechanism having the structure asdescribed in JP-A 2007-162759, it is difficult to discharge air bubblesgenerated within the lubricating oil through an interface of thelubricating oil during the drive of the motor.

Some conventional electric motors include a bearing mechanism usingfluid dynamic pressure. For example, in the spindle motor disclosed inFIG. 3 of JP-A 2005-48890, a hub 6 provided in a rotor is rotatablysupported with a shaft 3 inserted therein, as described in paragraph0034 of JP-A 2005-48890. As described in paragraph 0038 of JP-A2005-48890, after the shaft 3 is inserted inside the hub 6, a seal plate14 is press fitted to a top portion of the shaft 3. The seal plate 14 isarranged in close proximity to an upper end surface of an inner sleeve 9of the hub 6. As described in paragraph 0039 of JP-A 2005-48890, theupper end surface of the inner sleeve 9 includes dynamic pressuregenerating grooves defined therein. As described in paragraph 0043 ofJP-A 2005-48890, a working fluid is fed into a gap defined between theseal plate 14 and the upper end surface of the inner sleeve 9, so that athrust bearing 18b is defined therein.

In the conventional motor disclosed in JP-A 2005-48890, an outsidesurface of the seal plate 14 is a substantially conical surface arrangedto become gradually closer to a central axis of the shaft 3 withincreasing axial height. Accordingly, an upper portion of the seal plate14 has a smaller thickness than that of a lower portion of the sealplate 14, and hence, the upper portion of the seal plate 14 has a lowerrigidity than that of the lower portion of the seal plate 14. Therefore,when the seal plate 14 is press fitted to the shaft 3, the upper portionof the seal plate 14 will experience a greater deformation than thelower portion of the seal plate 14. This may lead to a reduction in theperpendicularity of a lower surface of the seal plate 14 with respect tothe shaft 3, which in turn may lead to a failure to achieve a desiredlevel of dynamic pressure in the thrust bearing 18b, which is definedbetween the lower surface of the seal plate 14 and the upper end surfaceof the inner sleeve 9.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A fluid dynamic bearing mechanism according to a preferred embodiment ofthe present invention includes a stationary shaft, a sleeve portionarranged to rotate with respect to the shaft, a thrust portion includingan upper end surface arranged opposite to a lower end surface of thesleeve portion, and a cover portion arranged opposite to an outsidesurface of the thrust portion.

The shaft and the sleeve portion are arranged to together define aradial gap therebetween. The lower end surface of the sleeve portion andthe upper end surface of the thrust portion are arranged to togetherdefine a thrust gap therebetween. A lubricating oil is arranged in theradial gap, the thrust gap, and a gap between the thrust portion and thecover portion. The radial gap includes a radial bearing portion arrangedto generate a radial dynamic pressure acting on the lubricating oilthrough a dynamic pressure groove. The thrust gap includes a thrustbearing portion arranged to generate a thrust dynamic pressure acting onthe lubricating oil through a dynamic pressure groove.

The cover portion and the outside surface of the thrust portion arearranged to together define a tapered gap therebetween. The tapered gapis arranged to gradually increase in width in a downward direction, andincludes an interface of the lubricating oil located therein.

The thrust portion is preferably fixed to the shaft through tight fit.An inside surface of the thrust portion includes an inside surfacecontact portion arranged to be in direct contact with an outside surfaceof the shaft, and an inside surface lower non-contact portion spacedaway from the outside surface of the shaft, and arranged to extendaxially downward from a lower end of the inside surface contact portion.The outside surface of the thrust portion preferably includes an outsidesurface inclined portion arranged to be in direct contact with theinterface of the lubricating oil. The lower end of the inside surfacecontact portion is arranged at an axial level higher than that of anaxially lower end of the outside surface inclined portion.

The present invention is arranged to achieve an improvement inperpendicularity of the upper end surface of the thrust portion withrespect to the outside surface of the shaft.

The above and other elements, features, steps, characteristics andadvantages of the present invention will become more apparent from thefollowing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of thepresent invention with reference to the attached drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a vertical section view showing a disk drive apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a vertical section view showing a spindle motor.

FIG. 3 is a partially exploded vertical section view showing an annularmember and its vicinities.

FIG. 4 is a perspective section view of a rotating member taken alongline M-M in FIG. 2.

FIG. 5 is a rear perspective view showing a seal member in accordancewith a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged vertical section view showing a seal member whosesecond end surface is defined by a slanting surface.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are views illustrating different kinds of conicaldynamic pressure generating grooves in the annular member.

FIG. 8 is a view illustrating the size relationship between differentminute gaps.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged section view illustrating the relationship betweena rotating member and a seal member in accordance with a modifiedexample of a preferred embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a rear perspective view showing the seal member in accordancewith the modified example of a preferred embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a vertical section view showing a spindle motor in accordancewith a preferred embodiment of present invention.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged section view illustrating the relationshipbetween a rotating member and a seal member in accordance with apreferred embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a bottom view showing an annular member in accordance with apreferred embodiment.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged section view illustrating the relationshipbetween a rotating member and a seal member in accordance with amodified example of a preferred embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a vertical section view showing a spindle motor in accordancewith another modified example of a preferred embodiment.

FIG. 16 is an enlarged section view illustrating the relationshipbetween a rotating member and a seal member in accordance with theanother modified example shown of the preferred embodiment in FIG. 15.

FIG. 17 is an enlarged section view illustrating the relationshipbetween a rotating member and a seal member in accordance with stillanother modified example of a preferred embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a vertical section view showing a spindle motor whoserotating member includes a sleeve and a hub.

FIG. 19 is a vertical section view showing a spindle motor in which ashaft and an annular member are seamlessly formed into a single piece.

FIG. 20 is a view showing a modified example of the rotating membershown in FIG. 4 (a modified example of the thrust dynamic pressurebearing unit).

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of a disk drive apparatus according toa preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of a motor according to a preferredembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of a sleeve portion according to apreferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a bottom view of the sleeve portion according to a preferredembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25A is a diagram illustrating an inside surface of the sleeveportion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 25B and 25C are diagrams illustrating an inside surface of asleeve portion according to other preferred embodiments of the presentinvention.

FIGS. 26 and 27 are enlarged views of a lower portion of a bearingmechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is an enlarged view of a first thrust gap according to apreferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is an enlarged view of an upper portion of the bearingmechanism.

FIG. 30 is a front view of a second thrust portion according to apreferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is an enlarged view of the upper portion of the bearingmechanism.

FIG. 32 is an enlarged view of a lower portion of a bearing mechanismaccording to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 33 is an enlarged view of a lower portion of a bearing mechanismaccording to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating a first thrust portion according to apreferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 35 is a diagram illustrating a communicating channel according to apreferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view of a disk drive apparatus according toa third preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 37 is a cross-sectional view of a motor according to the thirdpreferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 38 is a bottom view of a sleeve portion according to the thirdpreferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 39A is a diagram illustrating an inside surface of the sleeveportion according to the third preferred embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 39B is a diagram illustrating an inside surface of a sleeve portionaccording to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 39C is a diagram illustrating an inside surface of a sleeve portionaccording to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 40 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a lower portionof a bearing mechanism according to the third preferred embodiment ofthe present invention in an enlarged form.

FIG. 41 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating an upper portionof the bearing mechanism according to the third preferred embodiment ofthe present invention in an enlarged form.

FIG. 42 is a front view of a second thrust portion according to thethird preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 43 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a first thrustportion according to the third preferred embodiment of the presentinvention in an enlarged form.

FIG. 44 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating the first thrustportion and a portion of a shaft according to the third preferredembodiment of the present invention in an enlarged form.

FIG. 45 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a portion of theshaft according to the third preferred embodiment of the presentinvention in an enlarged form.

FIG. 46 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a lower portionof a bearing mechanism in a motor according to a fourth preferredembodiment of the present invention in an enlarged form.

FIG. 47 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a bearingmechanism in a motor according to another preferred embodiment of thepresent invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In the following description, the side on which a rotor unit 4 liesalong a central axis L will be referred to as “upper” and the side onwhich a stator unit 3 lies along the central axis L will be called“lower”. However, these terms are not intended to limit the installationpostures of a fluid dynamic pressure bearing device, a spindle motor anda disk drive apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a vertical section view showing a disk drive apparatus 2provided with a spindle motor 1 in accordance with a first preferredembodiment. The disk drive apparatus 2 is a hard disk drive that readsand writes information from and on a plurality of (e.g., four) magneticdisks 22 while rotating the magnetic disks 22.

As shown in FIG. 1, the disk drive apparatus 2 preferably includes anapparatus housing 21, storage disks (hereinafter simply referred to as“disks”) 22 such as, for example, magnetic disks or optical disks, anaccess unit 23 and a spindle motor 1.

The apparatus housing 21 preferably includes a substantially cup-shapedfirst housing member 211 and a substantially flat shaped second housingmember 212. The first housing member 211 preferably has an upperopening. The spindle motor 1 and the access unit 23 are preferablyinstalled on the inner bottom surface of the first housing member 211.

The second housing member 212 is preferably connected to the firsthousing member 211 so as to cover the upper opening of the first housingmember 211. The first housing member 211 and the second housing member212 define a clean internal space 213 in which dust is rare. The disks22, the access unit 23 and the spindle motor 1 are preferablyaccommodated within the internal space 213.

The disks 22 are preferably disk-shaped data storage media each having acentral aperture. The disks 22 are preferably mounted to a rotatingmember 41 of the spindle motor 1 and arranged one above the other in amutually parallel and equally spaced-apart relationship, with a spacer221 interposed therebetween.

The access unit 23 preferably includes a plurality of (e.g., eight)heads 231 opposing the upper and lower surfaces of the disks 22, arms232 arranged to support the respective heads 231 and a swing mechanism233 arranged to swinging the arms 232.

The access unit 23 is preferably designed to swing the arms 232 crossthe disks 22 with the swing mechanism 233, thereby allowing the heads231 to gain access to desired positions on the disks 22. Thus the heads231 preferably perform the tasks of reading and writing information fromand on the recording surfaces of the disks 22 under rotation. It may bepossible for the heads 231 to perform only one of the reading andwriting tasks.

FIG. 2 is a vertical section view showing the spindle motor 1.Preferably, the spindle motor 1 includes a stator unit 3 fixed to theapparatus housing 21 and a rotor unit 4 which holds the disks 22 androtates about a specified central axis L.

The stator unit 3 preferably includes a base member 31, a stator core32, coils 33, a shaft 34 and annular members 35.

The base member 31 is preferably made of, e.g., a metallic material suchas aluminum or the like and is fixed to the apparatus housing 21 byscrews or other fixing devices. A substantially cylindrical holderportion 312 protruding in the axial direction (in the directionextending along the central axis L) is preferably defined in the centralregion of the base member 31. A through-hole 311 extending through thebase member 31 along the central axis L is preferably defined in theholder portion 311. Although the base member 31 and the first housingmember 211 are preferably defined as separate members in the presentpreferred embodiment, the base member 31 and the first housing member211 may be seamlessly defined by a single member.

The stator core 32 is formed by, e.g., axially laminatingelectromagnetic steel plates in plural layers and, preferably, includesa core-back 321 and a plurality of tooth portions 322. The core-back 321has a substantially annular shape and is fitted to the outercircumferential surface of the holder portion 312. The tooth portions322 protrude radially outwards (in the direction perpendicular orsubstantially perpendicular to the central axis L, which definitionholds true herein below) from the core-back 321.

The coils 33 are defined by a conductive wire wound around therespective tooth portions 322. The coils 33 are connected to an externalpower source device (not shown) via a connector 331. If a drivingcurrent is supplied from the power source device to the coils 33 throughthe connector 331, the magnetic flux generated from the tooth portions322 interacts with the magnetic flux of a rotor magnet 42 to generatetorque that rotates the rotor unit 4 about the central axis L.

The shaft 34 is a substantially columnar member and is fixed to the basemember 31 with its lower end portion inserted into the through-hole 311.

The annular members 35 protrude radially outwards from the central axisL and are fixed to the upper and lower extensions of the shaft 34,respectively, in a symmetrical relationship with each other. The annularmembers 35 are preferably made of, e.g., a metallic material close inlinear expansion coefficient to the rotating member 41 (such as an alloymainly composed of aluminum or copper) or a resin material.Alternatively, the annular members 35 and the shaft 34 may be seamlesslydefined by a single body.

The method of fixing the annular members 35 and the shaft 34 together isnot particularly limited. It may be possible to fix a single annularmember 35 to one of the upper and lower extensions of the shaft 34.

The present preferred embodiment will now be described with reference tothe annular member 35 fixed to the upper extension of the shaft 34. Inthis preferred embodiment, the dynamic pressure bearing unit preferablyhas a conical structure as shown in FIG. 2. The annular member 35preferably has a substantially conical shape. The upper portion of anouter circumferential surface of the annular member 35 is defined by anupper conical surface whose diameter gradually decreases is it movesupwards. The lower portion thereof is defined by a lower conical surfacewhose diameter gradually decreases downwards.

In the dynamic pressure bearing unit having a conical structure, thelower conical surface of the annular member 35 will be referred to as“lower surface 35 a” and the upper conical surface of the annular member35 will be referred to as “outer circumferential surface 35 b” hereinbelow.

As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor unit 4 preferably includes a rotatingmember 41, a rotor magnet 42 and a seal member 44.

The rotating member 41 is shaped to extend radially outwards around thecentral axis L. Preferably, the rotating member 41 has a first innercircumferential surface 41 a (see FIG. 4) opposing the outercircumferential surface 34 a of the shaft 34 through a minute gap, abody portion 411 extending radially outwards and a cylinder portion 412extending downwardly from the outer peripheral edge of the body portion411.

The body portion 411 has a radial inner end arranged between the annularmembers 35 lying one above the other along the axial direction. Theradial inner end of body portion 411 is rotatably supported by the outercircumferential surface 34 a of the shaft 34, the lower surface 35 a ofthe upper one of the annular members 35 and the upper surface of thelower one of the annular members 35.

The body portion 411 has an outer circumferential surface 411 a as acontact surface making contact with the inner circumferential portions(the inner circumferential surfaces or inner peripheral edges) of thedisks 22. The cylinder portion 412 is provided with a radially outwardlyprotruding rest portion 413 having a flange surface 413 a on which tosupport the disks 22.

The four disks 22 are arranged on and above the flange surface 413 a ina horizontal posture and at an equal interval. Specifically, thelowermost one of disks 22 is placed on the flange surface 413 a and theremaining three disks 22 are placed one by one above the lowermost disk22, with spacers 221 interposed therebetween. The uppermost one of thedisks 22 is pressed and fixed in place by a pressing member 414 attachedto the body portion 411.

The inner circumferential portions of the disks 22 remain in contactwith the outer circumferential surface 411 a of the body portion 411,which restrains the disks 22 from making radial movement. As the rotorunit 4 rotates, the disks 22 are rotated together with the rotatingmember 41.

In this preferred embodiment, the disks 22 and the rotating member 41are all primarily made of aluminum. Thus the disks 22 and the rotatingmember 41 have the same or similar linear expansion coefficient. Evenwhen the temperature is changed, there is no possibility that anexcessive stress is generated between the disks 22 and the rotatingmember 41. No particular limitation is imposed on the material of whichthe disks 22 and the rotating member 41 are made.

The rotor magnet 42 has a substantially annular shape and is attached tothe lower surface of the body portion 411 through a yoke 421. The innercircumferential surface of the rotor magnet 42 serves as a magnetic polesurface and opposes the outer surfaces of the tooth portions 322.

FIG. 3 is an exploded vertical section view of the annular member 35 andelements adjacent thereto, showing the relationship between the rotatingmember 41 and the seal member 44. FIG. 4 is a perspective section viewof the rotating member 41 taken along line M-M in FIG. 2. FIG. 5 is aperspective view of the seal member 44 as seen from the side of a fixedportion 443 thereof.

As shown in FIG. 2, the seal member 44 is attached to the upper surfaceof the body portion 411 and is used, e.g., to prevent a lubricatingfluid 5 from being leaked out of the motor 1.

Referring to FIGS. 3, 4 and 6, the rotating member 41 includes an endsurface portion 41 b having a first end surface 41 ba, a second endsurface 41 bb and a third end surface 41 bc arranged from the radialinner side to the radial outer side.

The first end surface 41 ba opposes the lower surface 35 a of theannular member 35 in a spaced-apart relationship and defines a portionof the end surface portion 41 b. As will be set forth later, a dynamicpressure bearing is defined between the first end surface 41 ba and thelower surface 35 a of the annular member 35.

As can be seen in FIG. 3, the second end surface 41 bb is perpendicularor substantially perpendicular to the outer circumferential surface 34 aof the shaft 34. The region of the end surface portion 41 b lyingradially between two axially-extending double-dotted chain lines isopposed to a second end surface 44 bb of the seal member 44 in aspaced-apart relationship.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the third end surface 41 bc is providedradially outwards of the second end surface 41 bb in a region adjacentto the latter and is coplanar with the second end surface 41 bb.

The rotating member 41 includes a protrusion 416 protruding axiallyupwards from the radial outer edge of the third end surface 41 bc. Theprotrusion 416 has a second inner circumferential surface 41 c.

The rotating member 41 has a plurality of (e.g., three) communicationholes 415 axially extending from the upper end surface to the lower endsurface thereof and arranged at an equal interval in the circumferentialdirection. Each of the communication holes 415 has an opening 415 aadjoining to the second end surface 41 bb and opposing the second endsurface 44 bb of the seal member 44. The number of the communicationholes 415 is not particularly limited and may be one or more.

In case the dynamic pressure bearing unit has a conical structure, thefirst end surface 41 ba is configured to slope from the inner edge ofthe second end surface 41 bb toward the axial center of the shaft 34, asshown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 6.

The portion of the rotating member 41 surrounded by the first endsurface 41 ba and the first inner circumferential surface 41 apreferably has a substantially trapezoidal cross-section. A conicaldynamic pressure bearing unit is defined between the first end surface41 ba as a slanting surface and the lower surface 35 a of each of theannular members 35 opposing the former.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 5 and 6, the seal member 44 preferably includes awall portion 441, a cover portion 442 and a fixed portion 443.

The wall portion 441 opposes the outer circumferential surface 35 b ofthe annular members 35 in a spaced-apart relationship. The side and topportions of the annular members 35 are covered by the wall portion 441and the cover portion 442.

The cover portion 442 is a substantially annular portion having a shaftinsertion hole defined at its central region. The cover portion 442extends radially outwards from the upper end of the wall portion 441.The cover portion 442 has an inner circumferential surface 442 aopposing the outer circumferential surface 34 a of the shaft 34 in aspaced-apart relationship.

The seal member 44 may be attached to the lower surface of the bodyportion 411 of the rotating member 41 or both of the upper and lowersurfaces of the body portion 411.

The gap between the outer circumferential surface 35 b and the innercircumferential surface 44 a gradually increases upwards. A lubricatingfluid 5 is held in the gap by a capillary force, thereby forming ameniscus. A tapering seal portion forming a boundary surface of thelubricating fluid 5 is defined in the position where the surface tensionof the lubricating fluid 5 and the atmospheric pressure are kept inequilibrium. In the tapering seal portion, the lubricating fluid 5 ispulled downwards.

In the event that the meniscus of the tapering seal portion is movedupwards by the volume expansion of the lubricating fluid 5 (attributableto, e.g., a centrifugal force or a temperature rise) or under otheractions, the surface tension of the lubricating fluid 5 and theatmospheric pressure are kept in balance to thereby prevent thelubricating fluid 5 from being leaked out of the motor 1.

The annular member 35 and the seal member 44 arranged at the axial lowerside have the same configuration as described above.

It is possible to use, e.g., oil mainly composed of ester such as polyolester-based oil or diester-based oil as the lubricating fluid 5. The oilmainly composed of ester is superior in, e.g., wear resistance, thermalstability and flowability, and can be used as the lubricating fluid 5 ofa fluid dynamic pressure bearing device.

Preferably, the fluid dynamic pressure bearing device includes at leastthe shaft 34, the annular members 35, the rotating member 41 and theseal member 44.

As can be seen in FIGS. 3, 5 and 6, the seal member 44 includes a lowersurface portion 44 b divided into a first end surface 44 ba, a secondend surface 44 bb and a step surface 44 bc. The step surface 44 bc ispositioned between the first end surface 44 ba and the second endsurface 44 bb. The first end surface 44 ba lies nearer to the endsurface portion 41 b of the rotating member 41 than the second endsurface 44 bb is.

If the seal member 44 is attached to the rotating member 41 as shown inFIG. 6, the first end surface 44 ba makes contact with the third endsurface 41 bc of the rotating member 41 in the axial direction. Thesecond end surface 44 bb of the seal member 44 opposes the second endsurface 41 bb of the rotating member 41 in a spaced-apart relationship.The outer circumferential surface 44 c of the seal member 44 makescontact with the second inner circumferential surface 41 c of therotating member 41 in the radial direction (see FIG. 3).

The step surface 44 bc may have a sloping shape or an upright shape. Noparticular limitation is imposed on the shape of the step surface 44 bc.

Referring again to FIGS. 3, 5 and 6, the second end surface 44 bb of theseal member 44 is angled relative to a plane perpendicular orsubstantially perpendicular to the central axis L. The radial outer endportion of the second end surface 44 bb of the seal member 44 ispositioned nearest to the second end surface 41 bb of the rotatingmember 41, which the radial inner end portion of the second end surface44 bb (the radial innermost region of the lower surface portion 44 b ofthe seal member 44) is positioned farthest from the second end surface41 bb of the rotating member 41.

In other words, the minute gap between the second end surface 44 bb ofthe seal member 44 and the second end surface 41 bb of the rotatingmember 41 gradually increases from the radial outer side toward theradial inner side. The width Y between the radial inner end of thesecond end surface 44 bb and the second end surface 41 bb is greaterthan the width X between the radial outer end of the second end surface44 bb and the second end surface 41 bb (see FIG. 6).

This prevents the radial inner end of the second end surface 41 bb frommaking contact with the second end surface 44 bb even when an axiallyacting impact is applied to the radial inner end of the second endsurface 41 bb by external factors.

A conical dynamic pressure groove array 50 having a herringbone shape(see FIGS. 7A and 7B) is defined on the lower surface 35 a of theannular members 35. The conical dynamic pressure groove array 50 and thefirst end surface 41 ba of the rotating member 41 cooperate with eachother to define a conical dynamic pressure bearing unit that supportsradial and axial loads.

The conical dynamic pressure groove array 50 may be defined on the firstend surface 41 ba or on both the first end surface 41 ba and the lowersurface 35 a.

As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the conical dynamic pressure groove array50 includes first dynamic pressure generating grooves 50 a and seconddynamic pressure generating grooves 50 b. The first dynamic pressuregenerating grooves 50 a are arranged on the lower surface 35 a in aspaced-apart relationship along the circumferential direction and areopposed to the second dynamic pressure generating grooves 50 b. As therotor unit 4 rotates, the conical dynamic pressure groove array 50 iscapable of generating a fluid dynamic pressure in the lubricating fluid5.

The lubricating fluid 5 pumped from the upper side toward the lower sideby the first dynamic pressure generating grooves 50 a and thelubricating fluid 5 pumped from the lower side toward the upper side bythe second dynamic pressure generating grooves 50 b impinge against eachother in the boundary region 50 c.

This results in local pressure increase in the vicinity of the boundaryregion 50 c. Thus the rotating member 41 is radially and axiallysupported by the annular member 35 in a non-contact state. In otherwords, the rotating member 41 is rotatable relative to the annularmember 35.

In case the number of the first dynamic pressure generating grooves 50 ais the same as that of the second dynamic pressure generating grooves 50b as shown in FIG. 7A, it is preferred that the axial groove span a ofthe first dynamic pressure generating grooves 50 a is set greater thanthe axial groove span b of the second dynamic pressure generatinggrooves 50 b.

Alternatively, the number of the first dynamic pressure generatinggrooves 50 a may be greater than that of the second dynamic pressuregenerating grooves 50 b. In this case, the axial groove span c of thefirst dynamic pressure generating grooves 50 a may be set equal to theaxial groove span d of the second dynamic pressure generating grooves 50b as shown in FIG. 7B.

The conical dynamic pressure groove array 50 may have any shape orgroove pattern insofar as it can work as a fluid dynamic pressurebearing. For example, the conical dynamic pressure groove array 50 mayhave a spiral shape or a tapering land shape.

Also, the annular member 35 arranged at the lower position of therotating member 41 may be symmetrical to the afore-mentioned upperannular member 35 with respect to the axial center plane.

Referring to FIG. 8, a first minute gap P with a lower opening width Ais defined between the outer circumferential surface 35 b of the annularmember 35 and the inner circumferential surface 44 a of the seal member44. The lower opening width A denotes the width between the radialoutermost portion of the annular member 35 and the inner circumferentialsurface 44 a of the seal member 44.

The first minute gap P preferably has a tapering shape. The lubricatingfluid 5 is held within the first minute gap P, thereby defining ameniscus. In the position where the surface tension of the lubricatingfluid 5 and the atmospheric pressure are kept in equilibrium, a boundarysurface of the lubricating fluid 5 is defined.

A second minute gap Q with a width B is defined between the second endsurfaces 44 bb of the seal member 44 and the second end surfaces 41 bbof the rotating member 41. In this regard, the width B refers to thewidth between the radial innermost region of the lower surface portion44 b (the second end surface 44 bb in this preferred embodiment) and theend surface portion 41 b (the second end surface 41 bb in this preferredembodiment), i.e., the width of the radial inner opening of the secondminute gap Q. In this preferred embodiment, the end surface of the sealmember indicates the second end surface 44 bb.

A third minute gap R with a width C is defined between the lower surface35 a of the annular member 35 and the first end surface 41 ba of therotating member 41.

The space within each of the communication holes 415 is defined as afourth minute gap S with a width D.

A fifth minute gap T is defined between the outer circumferentialsurface 34 a of the shaft 34 and the first inner circumferential surface41 a of the rotating member 41.

The first to fifth minute gaps P, Q, R, S and T provide mutuallycommunicating spaces and hold the lubricating fluid 5 therein.

The second end surface 44 bb of the seal member 44 opposes the opening415 a through the second minute gap Q. The lubricating fluid 5 axiallyflowing through each of the communication holes 415 passes the secondminute gap Q and then flows into the third minute gap R.

The term “radial outermost portion of the annular member 35” used hereinrefers to the portion where the lower end of the outer circumferentialsurface 35 b of the annular member 35 meets with the upper end of thelower surface 35 a of the annular member 35.

In case when the second end surface 44 bb is a slanting surface, theterm “radial innermost portion of the second end surface 44 bb of theseal member 44” refers to the radial inner end portion of the second endsurface 44 bb. As mentioned above, the second minute gap Q is graduallyenlarged from the radial outer side toward the radial inner side. Thusthe width B denotes the maximum width of the second minute gap Q (whichis equivalent to the width Y in FIG. 6).

As can be seen in FIG. 8, the width B is preferably set smaller than thewidth D. The width A is set smaller than the width B but greater thanthe width C.

The width A is such that the tapering seal portion can serve as a fluidreservoir and the bubbles can go out through the first minute gap P.

Although no particular limitation is imposed on the size of the widthsA, B, C and D, the width A may be, e.g., about 0.02 mm to about 0.2 mm.The width B may be, e.g., about 0.05 mm to about 0.5 mm. The width D maybe, e.g., about 0.3 mm to about 1.2 mm. The width C of the third minutegap R may be, e.g., about 0.001 mm to about 0.005 mm if the dynamicpressure bearing unit has a conical structure.

By establishing the above relationship between the widths A, B, C and D,the lubricating fluid 5 is hardly leaked out from the motor 1 even whena strong impact is applied to the motor 1 from the outside.

Since the width A is greater than the width C as set forth above, thelubricating fluid 5 flowing out from the second minute gap Q flowstoward the third minute gap R under the action of a capillary force atthe branch point a (surrounded by the lower opening of the first minutegap P, the radial inner opening of the second minute gap Q and theradial outer opening of the third minute gap R).

Bubbles possibly contained in the lubricating fluid 5 pass the secondminute gap Q and reach the branch point a together with the lubricatingfluid 5. Owing to the fact that the width A is greater than the width Cas set forth above, the bubbles flow toward the first minute gap P underthe action of a capillary force.

In other words, the lubricating fluid 5 and the bubbles are separatedfrom each other and are allowed to flow toward the third minute gap Rand the first minute gap P, respectively.

Next, description will be made on a modified example of the firstpreferred embodiment. In the following description, the same componentsas those of the first preferred embodiment will be designated by likereference numerals with no detailed description made in that regard.

Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the lower surface portion 44 b of the sealmember 44 is parallel or substantially parallel to the end surfaceportion 41 b of the rotating member 41 and has a plurality of radialgrooves 444 communicating with the communication holes 415. Each of theradial grooves 444 has a width corresponding to the radial width of thesecond end surface 41 bb of the rotating member 41.

In each of the radial grooves 444 shown in FIG. 10, the regioncorresponding to the position of the opening 415 a is indicated by abroken line.

In this modified example, the number of the radial grooves 444 and thenumber of the communication holes 415 are three, respectively. However,the number of them is not particularly limited and may be, e.g., one. Itis preferred that the number of the radial grooves 444 is equal to thenumber of the communication holes 415.

As in the first preferred embodiment, first to fifth minute gaps P1, Q1,R1, S1 and T1 (not shown in FIG. 9) are defined by the rotating member41, the shaft 34, the annular member 35 and the seal member 44. Thefirst to fourth gaps P1, Q1, R1 and S1 have widths A1, B1, C1 and D1,respectively.

The size relationship between the widths A1, B1, C1 and D1 is the sameas described in connection with the first preferred embodiment. Thewidth B1 is preferably smaller than the width D1. The width A1 issmaller than the width B1 but greater than the width C1.

Thus the lubricating fluid 5 flowing from each of the communicationholes 415 passes the second minute gap Q1 and bubbles contained in thelubricating fluid 5 can flow toward the first minute gap P1 and thelubricating fluid 5 can flow the third minute gap R1. This provides thesame effects as attained in the first preferred embodiment.

The radial width of each of the radial grooves 444 is not limited to theone described above. For example, each of the radial grooves 444 may bearranged to extend from the radial inner end of the lower surfaceportion 44 b to the radial outer end thereof. In this case, each of theradial grooves 444 is opened at the radial outer end of the lowersurface portion 44 b (i.e., the outer circumferential surface 44 c ofthe seal member 44). When the seal member 44 is fixed to the rotatingmember 41, the outer circumferential surface 44 c comes into contactwith the second inner circumferential surface 41 c, thereby closing theopening of each of the radial grooves 444.

Next, description will be made on a second preferred embodiment.

Referring to FIGS. 11, 12 and 13, the dynamic pressure bearing unit hasa thrust structure in the second preferred embodiment. The dynamicpressure bearing includes a thrust dynamic pressure bearing unitarranged to generate an axial bearing force and a radial dynamicpressure bearing unit arranged to generate a radial bearing force.

As shown in FIG. 12, a third minute gap R2 with a width C2 is definedbetween a lower surface 35 a 1 of the annular member 35 and a first endsurface 41 ba of the rotating member 41 and is filled with thelubricating fluid 5.

The thrust dynamic pressure bearing unit is provided in the third minutegap R2. A thrust dynamic pressure groove array 60 is defined on thelower surface 35 a 1.

As shown in FIG. 13, the thrust dynamic pressure groove array 60 hasspiral grooves extending radially outwards away from the central axis Lin a substantially radial direction.

When the rotating member 41 makes rotation relative to the annularmember 35, a fluid dynamic pressure is generated in the lubricatingfluid 5 filled in the third minute gap R2 by the pumping action of thethrust dynamic pressure groove array 60. Thus the rotating member 41 isaxially rotatably supported by the annular member 35 in a non-contactstate.

The shape of the thrust dynamic pressure groove array 60 is notparticularly limited and may be, e.g., a herringbone shape or a taperingland shape.

The thrust dynamic pressure groove array 60 may be defined on the firstend surface 41 ba or on both the first end surface 41 ba and the lowersurface 35 a 1.

A fifth minute gap T2 is defined between the first inner circumferentialsurface 41 a of the rotating member 41 and the outer circumferentialsurface 34 a of the shaft 34 and is filled with the lubricating fluid 5.A radial dynamic pressure groove array 65 is defined on the outercircumferential surface 34 a. Thus the radial dynamic pressure bearingunit arranged to support a radial load is provided in the fifth minutegap T2.

The radial dynamic pressure groove array 65 includes upper and lowerherringbone-shaped radial dynamic pressure groove arrays 65 a and 65 barranged in an axially spaced-apart relationship.

When the rotating member 41 makes rotation relative to the shaft 34, afluid dynamic pressure is generated in the lubricating fluid 5 filled inthe fifth minute gap T2 by the pumping action of the upper and lowergroove arrays 65 a and 65 b. Thus the rotating member 41 is radiallyrotatably supported by the shaft 34 in a non-contact state.

The shape of the radial dynamic pressure groove array 65 is notparticularly limited and may be, e.g., a spiral shape or a tapering landshape. The radial dynamic pressure groove array 65 may have any groovepattern insofar as it can work as a fluid dynamic pressure bearing.

The radial dynamic pressure groove array 65 may be defined on the firstinner circumferential surface 41 a of the rotating member 41 or on boththe first inner circumferential surface 41 a of the rotating member 41and the outer circumferential surface 34 a of the shaft 34.

In the second preferred embodiment, first to fifth minute gaps P2, Q2,R2, S2 and T2 are defined by the shaft 34, the annular member 35, therotating member 41 and the seal member 44. The first to fourth minutegaps P2, Q2, R2 and S2 has widths A2, B2, C2 and D2, respectively.

The widths A2, B2, C2 and D2 have the same size relationship as that ofthe widths of the first to fourth minute gaps employed in theafore-mentioned preferred embodiments. Specifically, the width B2 issmaller than the width D2. The width A2 is smaller than the width B2 butgreater than the width C2.

Accordingly, the second preferred embodiment is capable of providing thesame effects as offered by the first preferred embodiment and themodified example thereof.

The width of the fifth minute gap T2 can be suitably set depending onthe widths of the first to fourth minute gaps P2, Q2, R2 and S2, theshape of the rotating member 41 and so forth.

Next, description will be made on a modified example of the secondpreferred embodiment. Just like the second preferred embodiment, themodified example thereof has a thrust type dynamic pressure bearingstructure.

Referring to FIG. 14, a step surface 41 bd is defined between the firstend surface 41 ba and the second end surface 41 bb. The second endsurface 41 bb is axially downwardly depressed as compared to the firstend surface 41 ba and the third end surface 41 bc.

The third end surface 41 bc of the rotating member 41 and the lowersurface portion 44 b of the seal member 44 make contact with each other.The second end surface 41 bb and the lower surface portion 44 b areopposed to each other through a second minute gap Q3.

As in the preferred embodiments described above, first to fifth minutegaps P3, Q3, R3, S3 and T3 which communicate with each other are definedby the shaft 34, the annular member 35, the rotating member 41 and theseal member 44. The first to fourth minute gaps P3, Q3, R3 and S3 havewidths A3, B3, C3 and D3, respectively.

The widths A3, B3, C3 and D3 have the same size relationship as that ofthe preceding preferred embodiments. In other words, the width B3 ispreferably smaller than the width D3. The width A3 is preferably smallerthan the width B3 but greater than the width C3.

Accordingly, the modified example of the second preferred embodiment iscapable of providing the same effects as offered by the precedingpreferred embodiments.

The width of the fifth minute gap T3 can be suitably set depending onthe widths of the first to fourth minute gaps P3, Q3, R3 and S3 and theshape of the rotating member 41.

Next, description will be made on another modified example of the secondpreferred embodiment. In this modified example, the dynamic pressurebearing unit has a thrust structure. The third end surface 41 bc of therotating member 41 employed in the preceding preferred embodiments maybe either provided or omitted in this modified example. The followingdescription is directed to a case where the third end surface 41 bc isabsent.

Referring to FIGS. 15 and 16, caps 46 arranged to cover the upper andlower sides of the annular members 35 are attached to the rotatingmember 41 by welding, bonding or the like, for example. The caps 46 areused, e.g., to prevent the lubricating fluid 5 from being leaked outfrom the motor 1.

Each of the caps 46 is preferably a substantially annular member havinga shaft insertion hole defined in the central region thereof. Each ofthe caps 46 has an inner circumferential surface 46 a opposing the outercircumferential surface 34 a of the shaft 34 in a spaced-apartrelationship.

Alternatively, a single cap 46 may be provided on one of the upper andlower sides of the annular members 35.

As can be seen in FIG. 16, the lower surface 35 a of the annular member35 has a first end surface 35 aa, a second end surface 35 ab and a stepsurface 35 ac arranged between the first and second end surfaces 35 aaand 35 ab. The first end surface 35 aa is positioned nearer to the endsurface portion 41 b of the rotating member 41 than the second endsurface 35 ab.

A third minute gap R4 with a width C4, which defines a thrust dynamicbearing unit, is defined between the first end surface 35 aa of theannular member 35 and the first end surface 41 ba of the rotating member41.

The second end surface 35 ab of the annular member 35 opposes the secondend surface 41 bb of the rotating member 41 through a second minute gapQ4 with a width B4.

The second minute gap Q4 communicates with the third minute gap R4. Thusthe lubricating fluid 5 axially flowing through each of thecommunication holes 415 can flow toward the third minute gap R4 via thesecond minute gap Q4.

The step surface 35 ac of the annular member 35 may have a sloping shapeor an upright shape. However, no particular limitation is imposed on theshape of the step surface 35 ac of the annular member 35.

As shown in FIG. 16, a first minute gap P4 with a width A4 is definedbetween the outer circumferential surface 35 b of the annular member 35and the second inner circumferential surface 41 c of the rotating member41. The width A4 refers to the width between the radial outermostportion of the annular member 35 in a cross-section containing thecentral axis L and the second inner circumferential surface 41 c of therotating member 41 (i.e., the width of a lower opening of the firstminute gap P4).

Referring again to FIG. 16, the first minute gap P4 defined between theouter circumferential surface 35 b and the second inner circumferentialsurface 41 c grows wider from the lower side toward the upper side. Thelubricating fluid 5 is held in the first minute gap P4 by a capillaryforce, while forming a meniscus. In the position where the surfacetension of the lubricating fluid 5 and the atmospheric pressure are keptin equilibrium, a tapering seal portion defining a boundary surface ofthe lubricating fluid 5 is arranged.

Even if the lubricating fluid 5 is moved upwards by an external impact,it is pulled downwards again. This makes it possible to prevent thelubricating fluid 5 from being leaked upwards. As a result, thelubricating fluid 5 is prevented from being leaked out from the motor 1.

In the event that the meniscus of the tapering seal portion is movedupwards by the volume expansion of the lubricating fluid 5 (attributableto, e.g., a centrifugal force or a temperature rise) or under otheractions, the surface tension of the lubricating fluid 5 and theatmospheric pressure are kept in balance to thereby prevent thelubricating fluid 5 from being leaked out of the motor 1.

The same structures as described above can be employed in the annularmember 35 and the cap 46 which are positioned on the axial lower side.

The width B4 is preferably smaller than the width D4. The width A4 ispreferably smaller than the width B4 but greater than the width C4. Thewidth A4 is great enough to ensure that the bubbles can go out throughthe first minute gap P4 and the tapering seal portion can serve as afluid reservoir.

The lubricating fluid 5 flowing out from the second minute gap Q4reaches the branch point β (surrounded by the lower opening of the firstminute gap P4, the radial inner opening of the second minute gap Q4 andthe radial outer opening of the third minute gap R4).

Since the width C4 is smaller than the width A4 as set forth above, thelubricating fluid 5 flows into the third minute gap R4 under the actionof a capillary force.

The bubbles contained in the lubricating fluid 5 flow into the secondminute gap Q4 and reach the branch point 13. Since the width A4 isgreater than the width C4, the bubbles flow toward the first minute gapP4 under the action of a capillary force.

In other words, the lubricating fluid 5 and the bubbles are separatedfrom each other and are allowed to flow toward the third minute gap R4and the first minute gap P4, respectively.

There are also defined fourth and fifth minute gaps S4 and T4 which havesubstantially the same structures as those of the fourth and fifthminute gaps employed in the preceding preferred embodiments. The widthsof the fourth and fifth minute gaps S4 and T4 can be suitably setdepending on the size of the first to third minute gaps P4, Q4 and R4.

The structures described above can be applied to other dynamic bearingstructures, e.g., conical dynamic bearing units, if they are configuredto arbitrarily set the size relationship between the widths A4, B4, C4and D4.

Next, description will be made on still another modified example of thesecond preferred embodiment. In this modified example, the dynamicpressure bearing unit has a thrust structure as in the aforementionedmodified examples of the second preferred embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 17, the body portion 411 of the rotating member 41 hasa first end surface 41 ba, a second end surface 41 bb and a step surface41 bd defined between the first and second end surfaces 41 ba and 41 bb.The second end surface 41 bb is arranged farther from the lower surface35 a than the first end surface 41 ba is.

As in the second preferred embodiment, first to fifth minute gaps P5,Q5, R5, S5 and T5 are defined by the shaft 34, the annular member 35,the rotating member 41 and the cap 46. The first to fourth minute gapsP5, Q5, R5 and S5 have widths A5, B5, C5 and D5, respectively.

The widths A5, B5, C5 and D5 have the same size relationship as that ofthe second preferred embodiment. In other words, the width A5 ispreferably smaller than the width B5 but greater than the width C5. Thewidth B5 is preferably smaller than the width D5.

With this configuration, it is possible to provide the same effects asoffered by the second preferred embodiment.

The width of the fifth minute gap T5 can be suitably set depending onthe widths of the first to fourth minute gaps P5, Q5, R5 and S5, theshape of the rotating member 41 and so forth.

In the aforementioned preferred embodiments, the protrusion 416 may beomitted and the lower surface portion 44 b of the seal member 44 may beaxially brought into contact with and fixed to the end surface portion41 b of the rotating member 41. In this case, it is preferable toprovide a member arranged to fix the outer circumferential surface 44 cof the seal member 44 in place.

Referring to FIG. 18, the rotating member 41 may be configured to have asleeve 70 and a hub 71. The sleeve 70 is a substantially cylindricalmember arranged on the outer circumference side of the shaft 34. Thesleeve 70 is arranged so that the end surface thereof can oppose thelower surface 35 a of the annular member 35. The sleeve 70 has an innercircumferential surface 70 b opposing the outer circumferential surface34 a of the shaft 34 and rotatably supporting the shaft 34 and theannular members 35.

The hub 71 is shaped to extend radially outwards away from the centralaxis L and is fixed to or seamlessly defined with the sleeve 70 forrotation with the latter.

On the outer circumferential surface 70 a of the sleeve 70, there isformed one or more axial grooves 72 axially extending from the upper endsurface to the lower end surface of the sleeve 70. Each of the axialgrooves 72 cooperates with the inner circumferential surface 71 a of thehub 71 to define an axially-extending communication hole.

Regions corresponding to the first end surface 41 ba, the second endsurface 41 bb and the third end surface 41 bc of the first preferredembodiment can be suitably defined on the end surface portions of thesleeve 70 and the hub 71.

In the preferred embodiments and the modified examples thereof describedabove, the annular member 35 and the shaft 34 may be defined by a singlemember as shown in FIG. 19. In this case, other configurations than theannular member 35 and the shaft 34 can be the same as employed in thepreceding preferred embodiments and the modified examples thereof.

The preferred embodiments described above can be applied to shaft-fixedouter rotor type spindle motors, shaft-rotating motors and inner rotortype spindle motors.

Some of the shaft-rotating motors have a configuration in which a sleevehousing is interposed between the sleeve 70 and the hub 71. In thiscase, the sleeve, the hub and the sleeve housing may be defined by asingle member or may be produced independently of one another and thenfixed together or formed into a single member.

The structures employed in the foregoing preferred embodiments can beapplied to the configuration of the rotating member and the annularmember positioned on the axial lower side as well as those arranged onthe axial upper side.

In case the dynamic pressure bearing unit has a thrust structure, therotating member 41 can have the shape illustrated in FIG. 20. Therotating member 41 having this shape may be applied to the conicaldynamic bearing described above. In this case, the widths A, B, C and Dcan have the same size as set forth above. For example, the width C canbe set equal to about 0.010 mm to about 0.020 mm.

FIG. 21 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a disk drive apparatus 10including a spindle motor 120 according to an exemplary preferredembodiment of the present invention. The spindle motor 120 will behereinafter referred to simply as a “motor”.

The disk drive apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 21 is a so-called hard diskdrive apparatus. The disk drive apparatus 10 preferably includes threedisc-shaped disks 110 used to record information, the motor 120, anaccess portion 130, and a housing 140, for example. The motor 120 isarranged to rotate while supporting the disks 110. The access portion130 is arranged to read and/or write information from or to the disks110. Note that the number of disks 110 is not limited to three and anydesirable number of disks 110 could be used.

The housing 140 includes a substantially cup-shaped first housing member1410, and a flat second housing member 1420. The motor 120 and theaccess portion 130 are contained inside the first housing member 1410.In the disk drive apparatus 10, the second housing member 1420 is joinedto the first housing member 1410 to define the housing 140. An interiorspace of the disk drive apparatus 10 is clean, substantially free ofdust and debris.

A clamper 1510 and spacers 1520 are arranged to fix the three disks 110to a rotor hub 310 of the motor 120 such that the disks 110 are equallyspaced from each other in a direction along a central axis J1. Theaccess portion 130 includes six heads 1310, six arms 1320 arranged tosupport the heads 1310, and a head actuator mechanism 1330. Note thatthe access portion 130 is not limited to six heads 1310 and six arms1320 and any desirable number of heads 1310 and arms 1320 could be used.Each head 1310 is placed close to a corresponding one of the disks 110to magnetically read and/or write information from or to the disk 110.The head actuator mechanism 1330 is arranged to actuate each arm 1320 tomove an associated one of the heads 1310 relative to a corresponding oneof the disks 110. According to the above-described structure, each head1310 is arranged to access a desired location on a corresponding one ofthe rotating disks 110 while being held close to the disk 110, to readand/or write information from or to the disk 110.

FIG. 22 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the motor 120. The motor120 is a motor of an outer rotor type. The motor 120 includes astationary portion 20, a rotating portion 30, and a fluid dynamicbearing mechanism 40. The fluid dynamic bearing mechanism 40 will behereinafter referred to simply as the “bearing mechanism” 40. Therotating portion 30 is supported via the bearing mechanism 40 such thatthe rotating portion 30 is rotatable about the central axis J1 of themotor 120 with respect to the stationary portion 20.

The stationary portion 20 includes a base bracket 210 and an annularstator 220. The base bracket 210 is attached to the first housing member1410 as illustrated in FIG. 21. The stator 220 is fixed to acircumference of a cylindrical holder provided in the base bracket 210.A hole portion is preferably defined inside the holder, and a lower endportion of a shaft 410 of the bearing mechanism 40 is fixed in the holeportion. A lower end opening of the hole portion is covered by a plate230.

The rotating portion 30 includes the rotor hub 310 and a field magnetmember 320. The rotor hub 310 preferably includes a hub body 3110 and acylindrical back iron portion 3120. The cylindrical back iron portion3120 is arranged to protrude downward from an outer edge portion of thehub body 3110. The field magnet member 320 includes a substantiallycylindrical rotor magnet 3210 and a back iron 3220. The rotor magnet3210 is fixed to an inside of the cylindrical back iron portion 3120through the back iron 3220. The rotor magnet 3210 is arranged oppositeto the stator 220 in a radial direction centered on the central axis J1(hereinafter referred to simply as the “radial direction”, “radially”,etc.) in order to produce a torque between the stator 220 and the rotormagnet 3210.

The hub body 3110 includes a center bore portion 3130 extending in adirection parallel or substantially parallel to the central axis J1defined in the center thereof. In the following description, a portionin the vicinity of the central axis J1 including the center bore portion3130 will be referred to as a “sleeve portion 500”. A portion 510 of thesleeve portion 500 which defines a lower portion of the sleeve portion500 and is positioned in the vicinity of the center protrudes downward.This portion 510 will be hereinafter referred to simply as the “lowerportion 510”. The hub body 3110 has a recessed portion 530 defined in anupper central portion thereof. A bottom of the recessed portion 530defines an upper surface of the sleeve portion 500. The recessed portion530 includes a shoulder portion which is slightly recessed downward andarranged along a circumference thereof. The shaft 410 is inserted in thecenter bore portion 3130 of the sleeve portion 500. The sleeve portion500 includes a communicating channel 550 defined therein that extendsupward from a bottom thereof in a direction parallel or substantiallyparallel to the central axis J1. The communicating channel 550preferably has a circular or substantially circular shape in across-section perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to thecentral axis J1. Note that the shape of the communicating channel 550 inthe cross-section is not limited to circular or substantially circularand could be any other desirable shape.

The bearing mechanism 40 preferably includes the shaft 410, a firstthrust portion 420, a second thrust portion 430, a first cover portion440, a second cover portion 450, and a lubricating oil 460. The shaft410 is secured to the base bracket 210, so that the shaft 410 is fixed,extending in a vertical direction along the central axis J1. The firstand second thrust portions 420 and 430 have mutually different shapes,and are each preferably made of phosphor bronze or the like, forexample. The rotor hub 310 is preferably made of a stainless steel,aluminum with nickel plating, or the like, for example. Both the firstand second thrust portions 420 and 430 preferably have a hardness lowerthan that of the sleeve portion 500 of the rotor hub 310. The firstthrust portion 420 is fixed to the shaft 410 below the sleeve portion500, whereas the second thrust portion 430 is fixed to the shaft 410above the sleeve portion 500. The first and second cover portions 440and 450 have mutually different shapes. The first cover portion 440 isattached to the lower portion 510 of the sleeve portion 500, andarranged opposite to an outside surface of the first thrust portion 420.On the other hand, the second cover portion 450 is fixed to the shoulderportion arranged along the circumference of the recessed portion 530, soas to cover the second thrust portion 430 from above.

In the motor 120, the sleeve portion 500 defines a portion of thebearing mechanism 40, as a portion supported by the shaft 410. That is,the sleeve portion 500 functions as both a portion of the rotatingportion 30 and a portion of the bearing mechanism 40. The motor 120 isstructured such that the rotating portion 30 is fixed to the sleeveportion 500 of the bearing mechanism 40.

FIG. 23 is a half cross-sectional view of the sleeve portion 500,illustrating only the lower portion 510 and an upper portion 520thereof. The lower portion 510 of the sleeve portion 500 includes alower surface 610, a protruding portion 620 which protrudes downward, acover attachment portion 630, an increased diameter portion 650, and ashoulder portion 660. The lower surface 610 preferably includes a lowerend surface 6110 and an outer circumferential portion 6120. The lowerend surface 6110 is annular in shape and arranged perpendicular orsubstantially perpendicular to the central axis J1. The outercircumferential portion 6120 is positioned radially outward of the lowerend surface 6110. The lower end surface 6110 is positioned at a levellower than that of a lower end (hereinafter referred to as a “lower endopening”) 5510 of the communicating channel 550, with respect to adirection parallel or substantially parallel to the central axis J1.

The outer circumferential portion 6120 includes an annular inclinedsurface 6410 and an outer annular surface 6420. The outer annularsurface 6420 is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to thecentral axis J1. The annular inclined surface 6410 extends graduallyupward with increasing radial distance from the lower end surface 6110.The outer annular surface 6420 is positioned radially outward of theannular inclined surface 6410. The lower end opening 5510 is arranged toextend over both the annular inclined surface 6410 and the outer annularsurface 6420. The protruding portion 620 is positioned radially outwardof the lower end opening 5510, that is, radially outward of the outerannular surface 6420. The cover attachment portion 630 is defined at alower end of an outside surface of the lower portion 510. The coverattachment portion 630 has a reduced diameter as compared to thediameter of the other portions of the outside surface of the lowerportion 510. The cover attachment portion 630 preferably includes afirst reduced diameter portion 6310 and a second reduced diameterportion 6320. The second reduced diameter portion 6320 is positionedbelow the first reduced diameter portion 6310 and radially inward of thefirst reduced diameter portion 6310. The diameter of the first reduceddiameter portion 6310 preferably is approximately 10.5 mm, for example.The increased diameter portion 650, with a diameter greater than that ofthe first reduced diameter portion 6310, is defined above the firstreduced diameter portion 6310. The shoulder portion 660 is definedbetween the first reduced diameter portion 6310 and the increaseddiameter portion 650.

A chamfered portion 5510 a extending from the outer circumferentialportion 6120 into the communicating channel 550 is preferably defined atthe lower end opening 5510. A cylindrical surface area stretching abovethe chamfered portion 5510 a, that is, a surface that defines theperiphery of the communicating channel 550 and which is circular in planview, will be hereinafter referred to as a “wall surface 5530” of thecommunicating channel 550. The distance of a boundary between thechamfered portion 5510 a and the lower end surface 6110 from the centralaxis J1 is substantially equal to the radius of the lower end surface6110, and the outside diameter of the lower end surface 6110 preferablyis in the range of approximately 7 mm to approximately 8 mm, forexample. The size of the lower end surface 6110 of the sleeve portion500 is small, and therefore, in manufacturing the sleeve portion 500, itis possible to machine the center bore portion 3130 at the center andthe lower end surface 6110 at once by using cutting tools

FIG. 24 is a bottom view illustrating the lower end surface 6110 of thesleeve portion 500 and its vicinity in an enlarged form. The lower endsurface 6110 has defined therein dynamic pressure grooves 6110 a in aspiral pattern. The dynamic pressure grooves 6110 a are arranged tospread up to an inner circumference of the annular inclined surface 6410as illustrated in FIGS. 23 and 24. During the drive of the motor 120,the dynamic pressure grooves 6110 a are arranged to rotate to induce(i.e., pump) the lubricating oil 460 to travel inward in the dynamicpressure grooves 6110 a, resulting in a sufficient dynamic pressure todrive the motor 120. This configuration contributes to preventing thegeneration of air bubbles due to a reduced internal pressure of thelubricating oil 460.

Referring to FIG. 23, the upper portion 520 of the sleeve portion 500includes an upper end surface 5210 which is annular in shape andperpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the central axis J1. Theupper end surface 5210 has defined therein dynamic pressure grooves insubstantially the same arrangement as that of the dynamic pressuregrooves 6110 a as illustrated in FIG. 24. More specifically, the dynamicpressure grooves in the upper end surface 5210 are arranged, in planview, in reverse orientation with respect to a circumferential directionabout the central axis J1, as compared to the dynamic pressure grooves6110 a. An upper end 5520 of the communicating channel 550 is positionedradially outward of the upper end surface 5210. The upper end 5520 ofthe communicating channel 550 will be hereinafter referred to as an“upper end opening 5520”.

Referring to FIG. 25A, an inside surface 5410 of the sleeve portion 500preferably includes dynamic pressure grooves 710 and 720 in aherringbone pattern defined thereon, at an upper portion and a lowerportion thereof, respectively. More specifically, the dynamic pressuregrooves 710 and 720 are arranged in the circumferential direction on theinside surface 5410, such that each one of the dynamic pressure grooves710 and 720 assumes the shape of the letter “V” turned sideways. Eachone of the lower dynamic pressure grooves 720 preferably includes alower groove portion 7210 longer than an upper groove portion 7220thereof. This arrangement of the dynamic pressure grooves 720contributes to producing a pressure that acts to cause the lubricatingoil 460 to flow upward in a radial gap described below, so that thelubricating oil 460 will then travel through the communicating channel550 as illustrated in FIG. 23 to complete circulation.

Referring to FIG. 25B, regarding the lower dynamic pressure grooves 720,the length of the lower groove portion 7210 may be substantially equalto that of the upper groove portion 7220 in a modification of thepresent preferred embodiment. In this case, an inclined groove 730extending in parallel or substantially in parallel with the lower grooveportions 7210 may be arranged between each pair of adjacent lower grooveportions 7210. Also, referring to FIG. 25C, an inclined groove 740extending in parallel or substantially in parallel with the lower grooveportions 7210 may be arranged below each one of the lower grooveportions 7210, in a modification of the present preferred embodiment.

In the bearing mechanism 40, a slight gap is defined between the insidesurface 5410 of the sleeve portion 500 illustrated in FIG. 25A and anoutside surface of the shaft 410 illustrated in FIG. 22. This gap willbe hereinafter referred to as the “radial gap”. During the drive of themotor 120, the dynamic pressure grooves 710 and 720 in the herringbonepattern serve to produce a radial dynamic pressure on the lubricatingoil 460 in the radial gap, resulting in formation of a radial bearingportion which supports the sleeve portion 500 in directionsperpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the central axis J1 inrelation to the shaft 410. Hereinafter, the radial gap and the radialbearing portion will be denoted by reference numerals 870 and 8710,respectively.

FIG. 26 is a half cross-sectional view illustrating a lower portion ofthe bearing mechanism 40 in an enlarged form. The first thrust portion420 is arranged to spread radially outward from the shaft 410 to assumethe shape of a ring. The first thrust portion 420 has an upper surface4210 which is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to thecentral axis J1, and a conical surface 4220 which is substantially inthe shape of a cone and which defines the outside surface of the firstthrust portion 420. The conical surface 4220 is so shaped as togradually decrease in distance from the central axis J1 in a downwarddirection. The upper surface 4210 is arranged opposite to the lower endsurface 6110 of the sleeve portion 500 to define a slight gap betweenthe upper surface 4210 and the lower end surface 6110. This gap will behereinafter referred to as a “first thrust gap 810”. During the drive ofthe motor 120, a first thrust bearing portion 8110 is formed in thefirst thrust gap 810 to produce a thrust dynamic pressure on thelubricating oil 460 between the first thrust portion 420 and the sleeveportion 500 through the dynamic pressure grooves 6110 a in the spiralpattern as illustrated in FIG. 24.

As illustrated in FIG. 26, the first cover portion 440 includes acylindrical portion 4410 extending upward in a direction parallel orsubstantially parallel to the central axis J1, an annular portion 4420centered on the central axis J1, and an inclined portion 4430 adjacentto the annular portion 4420. The cylindrical portion 4410 is arranged incontact with the cover attachment portion 630 of the sleeve portion 500along a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to thecentral axis J1.

FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating the lower end opening 5510 and itsvicinity as illustrated in FIG. 26 in an enlarged form. The shoulderportion 660, which is adjacent to an upper end of the first reduceddiameter portion 6310, and an upper end of the cylindrical portion 4410together define a gap 6710 therebetween along a direction parallel orsubstantially parallel to the central axis J1. The width of the gap 6710along the direction parallel or substantially parallel to the centralaxis J1 is preferably in the range of approximately 0.3 mm toapproximately 0.6 mm, for example. The cylindrical portion 4410 is pressfitted to an outside surface of the first reduced diameter portion 6310,and at the same time secured thereto through an adhesive 90. Since thewidth of the gap 6710 falls within the aforementioned range, occurrenceof a production error in the first cover portion 440 or the like wouldnot result in a contact of the cylindrical portion 4410 with theshoulder portion 660.

As illustrated in FIG. 26, an upper surface 4420 a of the annularportion 4420 is annular in shape and perpendicular or substantiallyperpendicular to the central axis J1. The upper surface 4420 a isarranged opposite to a portion of the lower end opening 5510 of thecommunicating channel 550 along a direction parallel or substantiallyparallel to the central axis J1, and at the same time arranged incontact with the protruding portion 620 of the sleeve portion 500 alonga direction parallel or substantially parallel to the central axis J1.This arrangement prevents the first cover portion 440 from closing thelower end opening 5510. The upper surface 4420 a will be hereinafterreferred to as an “annular contact surface 4420 a”.

The inclined portion 4430 includes a first annular inclined surface 4430a and a second annular inclined surface 4430 b. The first annularinclined surface 4430 a is annular in shape and arranged radially inwardof and adjacent to the annular contact surface 4420 a. The secondannular inclined surface 4430 b is annular in shape and arrangedradially inward of and adjacent to the first annular inclined surface4430 a. The first annular inclined surface 4430 a is arranged to extendgradually upward with increasing radial distance from the lower endsurface 6110 of the sleeve portion 500 and the upper surface 4210 of thefirst thrust portion 420. The second annular inclined surface 4430 b isangled radially outward in an upward direction, at an angle to thecentral axis J1 that is less than the angle at which the first annularinclined surface 4430 a is angled relative to the central axis J1.

The first annular inclined surface 4430 a is arranged opposite to theannular inclined surface 6410 of the sleeve portion 500, such that thefirst annular inclined surface 4430 a and the annular inclined surface6410 together define a slight gap 820 therebetween. During the drive ofthe motor 120, this gap 820 serves to direct the lubricating oil 460from the lower end opening 5510 of the communicating channel 550 towardthe first thrust gap 810. The gap 820 will be hereinafter referred to asa “guide gap 820”. The guide gap 820 gradually increases in width in thedownward direction and with decreasing distance from the central axisJ1. The maximum width of the guide gap 820 is preferably about 0.2 mm orgreater in order to reduce channel resistance in the guide gap 820, andis preferably about 0.4 mm or less in order to reduce the amount of thelubricating oil 460, for example. Note that the width of the gap refersto the width thereof on a plane that intersects with the surfaces onboth sides defining the gap at the same angle.

The second annular inclined surface 4430 b and the conical surface 4220of the first thrust portion 420 together define a gap 830 therebetween.The gap 830 has an interface of the lubricating oil 460 therewithin. Thegap 830 is positioned closer to the central axis J1 than a radiallyoutermost point of the wall surface 5530 of the communicating channel550. The gap 830 is arranged to gradually increase in width in thedownward direction. The gap 830 will be hereinafter referred to as a“first tapered gap 830”.

The minimum width of the first tapered gap 830 is greater than themaximum width of the guide gap 820. In addition, both the minimum widthof the first tapered gap 830 and the maximum width of the guide gap 820are smaller than the width of the communicating channel 550. In thebearing mechanism 40, the guide gap 820 and the first tapered gap 830together form a channel that gradually increases in width in thedownward direction. The first thrust gap 810 spreading from the centralaxis J1 is arranged in the vicinity of a boundary between the guide gap820 and the first tapered gap 830. The width of the first thrust gap 810along a direction parallel or substantially parallel to the central axisJ1 is smaller than the minimum width of the guide gap 820.

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the first thrust gap 810and its vicinity in an enlarged form. More specifically, FIG. 28illustrates cross-sections of portions of the lower portion 510 of thesleeve portion 500 and the first thrust portion 420 taken where thecommunicating channel 550 illustrated in FIG. 26 is not provided. Theoutside diameter of the first thrust portion 420, i.e., the radialdimension of a portion 4230 of the first thrust portion 420 which ispositioned at an outermost periphery of the conical surface 4220 in planview, is smaller than the diameter of the lower end surface 6110 of thesleeve portion 500, i.e., the diameter of an edge 6810 at a boundarybetween the lower end surface 6110 and the annular inclined surface6410. The portion 4230 will be hereinafter referred to as a “radiallyoutermost portion 4230” of the first thrust portion 420. Moreover, asillustrated in FIG. 27, the radially outermost portion 4230 is, in planview, positioned closer to the central axis J1 than the wall surface5530 of the communicating channel 550.

FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an upper portion of thebearing mechanism 40 in an enlarged form. The second thrust portion 430,which is arranged opposite to the upper end surface 5210 of the sleeveportion 500, is arranged to spread radially outward from the shaft 410to substantially assume the shape of a ring, and is arranged in therecessed portion 530 of the hub body 3110.

The second thrust portion 430 has a lower surface 4310 which is annularin shape, an outer annular surface 4320, an outside surface 4330 whichis parallel or substantially parallel to the central axis J1, and aninclined surface 4340. The lower surface 4310 is arranged to protrudeslightly downward. The outer annular surface 4320 is positioned radiallyoutward of the lower surface 4310. The inclined surface 4340 extendsupward from an upper end of the outside surface 4330 while becomingprogressively closer to the central axis J1. The outer annular surface4320 of the second thrust portion 430 is arranged opposite to thecommunicating channel 550 along a direction parallel or substantiallyparallel to the central axis J1.

In an area between an upper portion of the radial gap 870 and the upperend opening 5520 of the communicating channel 550, the lower surface4310 of the second thrust portion 430 is arranged opposite to the upperend surface 5210 of the sleeve portion 500 to define a slight gap 840between the upper end surface 5210 and the lower surface 4310. This gap840 will be hereinafter referred to as a “second thrust gap 840”.

In the bearing mechanism 40, the communicating channel 550 and the upperportion of the radial gap 870 are in indirect communication with eachother through the second thrust gap 840. The outside surface 4330 of thesecond thrust portion 430 is arranged opposite to a side wall 5310 ofthe recessed portion 530 with a gap 850 defined therebetween. This gap850 will be hereinafter referred to as a “side gap 850”. As illustratedin FIG. 30, the outside surface 4330 has defined therein a plurality ofdynamic pressure grooves 4330 a which are all angled in such a mannerthat they are oriented in a single direction.

During the drive of the motor 120, a second thrust bearing portion 8410is formed in the second thrust gap 840 illustrated in FIG. 29 to producea thrust dynamic pressure on the lubricating oil 460 through the dynamicpressure grooves in the spiral pattern. In the side gap 850, the dynamicpressure grooves 4330 a serve to produce a dynamic pressure to cause thelubricating oil 460 to flow downward. This dynamic pressure contributesto preventing the lubricating oil 460 from leaking through a secondtapered gap 860 described below.

FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating the upper end opening 5520 of thecommunicating channel 550 illustrated in FIG. 29 and its vicinity in anenlarged form. The upper end opening 5520 is positioned at a level lowerthan that of the upper end surface 5210. The sleeve portion 500 hasdefined thereon an inclined surface 5220 extending obliquely from anouter circumference of the upper end surface 5210 toward the upper endopening 5520. The diameter of the lower surface 4310 of the secondthrust portion 430 is smaller than the diameter of the upper end surface5210 of the sleeve portion 500, i.e., the diameter of an edge 5230 at aboundary between the upper end surface 5210 and the inclined surface5220.

Referring to FIG. 29, the second cover portion 450 includes a diskportion 4510 and a side portion 4520. The disk portion 4510 is angledslightly downward in a radially outward direction. The side portion 4520extends downward from a radially outer end of the disk portion 4510. Theside portion 4520 and the inclined surface 4340 of the second thrustportion 430 together define the second tapered gap 860 therebetween,such that the second tapered gap 860 gradually increases in width in theupward direction. The second tapered gap 860 has an interface of thelubricating oil 460 therewithin.

Referring to FIGS. 26 and 29, the lubricating oil 460 is arranged tofill, continuously without interruption, the guide gap 820, the firsttapered gap 830, the first thrust gap 810, the radial gap 870, thesecond thrust gap 840, the side gap 850, the second tapered gap 860, andthe communicating channel 550.

Regarding the motor 120, during rotation of the sleeve portion 500 aboutthe central axis J1 with respect to the shaft 410, the sleeve portion500 is supported by the first and second thrust bearing portions 811 and841 in the direction along the central axis J1, and supported by theradial bearing portion 871 in a direction perpendicular or substantiallyperpendicular to the central axis J1.

At this time, the lubricating oil 460 is caused to flow downward throughthe communicating channel 550, and the guide gap 820 illustrated in FIG.26 serves to direct the lubricating oil 460 from the lower end opening5510 of the communicating channel 550 in the direction of the firsttapered gap 830 and toward the first thrust gap 810. When thelubricating oil 460 contains any air bubble, the air bubble is caused totravel through the guide gap 820 and the first tapered gap 830 to bedischarged to an outside through the interface of the lubricating oil460. In addition, the lubricating oil 460 is caused to flow through thefirst thrust gap 810 to a bottom of the radial gap 870, flow through theradial gap 870 to a top thereof, and flow through the second thrust gap840 illustrated in FIG. 29 back again into the communicating channel550. That is, the guide gap 820 is defined between the outercircumferential portion 6120 of the sleeve portion 500 and the firstcover portion 440 to direct the lubricating oil 460 from the lower endopening 5510 in the direction of the first tapered gap 830 and towardthe first thrust gap 810. In other words, in the space between the outercircumferential portion 6120 of the sleeve portion 500 and the firstcover portion 440, the guide gap 820 serves to cause the lubricating oil460 to flow from the lower end opening 5510 in the direction of thefirst tapered gap 830 and toward the first thrust gap 810.

In the bearing mechanism 40, the sleeve portion 500 is supported withoutcontact with the shaft 410. Therefore, the rotating portion 30illustrated in FIG. 22 is able to rotate with respect to the stationaryportion 20 with high precision and limited noise.

As described above, since in the bearing mechanism 40 the outsidediameter of the first thrust portion 420 is smaller than the diameter ofthe lower end surface 6110 of the sleeve portion 500, the lubricatingoil 460 is sent from the lower end opening 5510 of the communicatingchannel 550 into the first thrust gap 810. In the bearing mechanism 40,the lower end opening 5510 of the communicating channel 550 ispositioned at a level higher than that of the first thrust gap 810,while at the same time the guide gap 820 is arranged opposite to thelower end opening 5510 to be angled with respect to the annular inclinedsurface 6410. This arrangement contributes to smoothening the flow ofthe lubricating oil 460 from the lower end opening 5510 to the firstthrust gap 810, thereby preventing generation of a swirl, andcontributes to a smooth supply of the lubricating oil 460 into the firstthrust gap 810.

Moreover, in the lower portion of the bearing mechanism 40, any airbubble in the lubricating oil 460 is discharged through the firsttapered gap 830, while the lubricating oil 460 is supplied into thefirst thrust gap 810. The channel formed by the combination of the guidegap 820 and the first tapered gap 830 gradually increases in width inthe downward direction, to facilitate the discharge of the air bubble tothe outside. A centrifugal force produced in the guide gap 820 by therotation of the rotor hub 310 causes the pressure on the lubricating oil460 to become lower at locations closer to the central axis J1 than atlocations farther from the central axis J1. This pressure differencefacilitates travel of any air bubble, with a lower specific gravity thanthat of the lubricating oil 460, in the direction of the central axisJ1, resulting in easy discharge of the air bubble into the first taperedgap 830.

Since the guide gap 820 is arranged to gradually increase in width inthe downward direction, occurrence of a production error would not causean excessive local narrowing of the guide gap 820, which ensuresunrestricted travel of any air bubble through the guide gap 820.

In the bearing mechanism 40, the diameter of the upper surface 4210 ofthe first thrust portion 420 is smaller than the diameter of the lowerend surface 6110 of the sleeve portion 500, and this contributes topreventing the edge 6810 at the boundary between the annular inclinedsurface 6410 and the lower end surface 6110 of the sleeve portion 500from coming into contact with the upper surface 4210 of the first thrustportion 420. Accordingly, even if the hardness of the first thrustportion 420 is lower than that of the sleeve portion 500, generation ofabrasion particles in the first thrust gap 810 is limited. Similarly,the diameter of the lower surface 4310 of the second thrust portion 430is smaller than the diameter of the upper end surface 5210 of the sleeveportion 500, and this contributes to preventing the edge 5230 of theupper end surface 5210 of the sleeve portion 500 from coming intocontact with the lower surface 4310 of the second thrust portion 430.Accordingly, generation of abrasion particles in the second thrust gap840 is limited. This leads to a prolonged life of the bearing mechanism40.

As described above, regarding the bearing mechanism 40, even if thefirst and second thrust portions 420 and 430 are not made of a highwear-resistant material or subjected to surface coating or the like,abrasion of the first and second thrust portions 420 and 430 is limited.Needless to say, the first and second thrust portions 420 and 430 may bemade of a high wear-resistant material or subjected to surface coatingor the like.

The above-described techniques for limiting the generation of abrasionparticles in the thrust gaps are also applicable to other fluid dynamicbearing mechanisms than the bearing mechanism 40. That is, in the casewhere a thrust gap is defined by two members with different hardness,the generation of abrasion particles in the thrust gap can be limited bymaking the diameter of a thrust surface of the member with the lowerhardness smaller than the diameter of a thrust surface of the othermember with the higher hardness. The same is true of the radial gap.That is, the generation of abrasion particles in the radial gap can belimited by making the width of a radial surface of a member with lowerhardness smaller than the width of a radial surface of a member withhigher hardness.

Now, regarding the assemblage of the bearing mechanism 40, when thefirst cover portion 440 illustrated in FIG. 27 is attached to the sleeveportion 500, the sleeve portion 500 is placed upside down, and in thissituation, the first cover portion 440 is moved toward the lower portion510 from above the sleeve portion 500 so that the cylindrical portion4410 of the first cover portion 440 is press fitted to the lower portion510. The adhesive 90 is applied to the second reduced diameter portion6320 beforehand. Therefore, the movement of the cylindrical portion 4410involves spreading the adhesive 90 to expand the adhesive 90 over thefirst reduced diameter portion 6310. In this manner, the first coverportion 440 is press fitted to the cover attachment portion 630 andsecured thereto through the adhesive 90. The annular contact surface4420 a of the first cover portion 440 is brought into contact with theprotruding portion 620, so that the position of the first cover portion440 relative to the sleeve portion 500 in a direction parallel orsubstantially parallel to the central axis J1 is easily determined.

Because the first cover portion 440 is secured to the sleeve portion 500by press fitting, the deformation of the first cover portion 440 is moreeffectively prevented than if the first cover portion 440 were securedto the sleeve portion 500 by a swage or the like, which improves theprecision with which the guide gap 820 and the first tapered gap 830 aredefined. The inclusion of the second reduced diameter portion 6320 inthe cover attachment portion 630 facilitates the fitting of the firstcover portion 440 to the lower portion 510 of the sleeve portion 500.Moreover, the second reduced diameter portion 6320 also serves as a signto facilitate proper application of the adhesive 90 to the desiredlocation.

In the case of a motor in which an annular cover portion is secured toan outside surface of a lower portion of a sleeve portion through anadhesive, the adhesive may be forced out of a space between the coverportion and the sleeve portion to intrude into a bearing mechanism, orbecome attached to another member near the bearing mechanism. Referringto FIG. 27, in the case of the motor 120, however, the gap 6710 isarranged between the upper end of the cylindrical portion 4410 and theshoulder portion 660 of the sleeve portion 500, and the gap 6710 retainsa portion of the adhesive 90 which is forced out of the space betweenthe cylindrical portion 4410 and the cover attachment portion 630. Theadhesive 90 is thus prevented from coming into contact with othermembers, such as the stator 22, etc.

Moreover, the adhesive 90 is prevented from flowing radially inward,because a slight gap 6720 defined between the second reduced diameterportion 6320 and the cylindrical portion 4410 retains the adhesive 90.The width of the gap 6720 measured in a direction perpendicular orsubstantially perpendicular to the central axis J1 preferably isapproximately 50 μm, for example. Furthermore, the contact of theprotruding portion 620 with the annular contact surface 4420 a furtherensures the prevention of the radially inward flow of the adhesive 90.

In the bearing mechanism 40, the gap 6720 is sealed by the adhesive 90across its entire circumference, so that the lubricating oil 460 isprevented from leaking through the space between the cover attachmentportion 630 and the cylindrical portion 4410. Therefore, in a procedurefor testing the bearing mechanism 40, it is possible to omit a leak testof testing the bearing mechanism 40 for a leak of gas through the spacebetween the cover attachment portion 630 and the cylindrical portion4410, by introducing gas, such as air or helium, into the bearingmechanism 40.

FIG. 32 is a diagram illustrating the bearing mechanism 40 according toan example modification of the present preferred embodiment. In thisbearing mechanism 40, the annular inclined surface 6410 of the sleeveportion 500 and the first annular inclined surface 4430 a of the firstcover portion 440 are parallel or substantially parallel to each other,and a guide gap 820 a defined between the annular inclined surface 6410and the first annular inclined surface 4430 a has a substantiallyconstant width. The other structural features of the bearing mechanism40 are the same as illustrated in FIG. 26. Also in the bearing mechanism40 according to this example modification, the guide gap 820 a is angleddownward to smooth the flow of the lubricating oil 460 from the lowerend opening 5510 of the communicating channel 550 to the first thrustgap 810, to thereby preventing any generation of a swirl. As with thesleeve portion 500 illustrated in FIG. 26, the size of the lower endsurface 6110 of the sleeve portion 500 according to this examplemodification is so small that in manufacturing the sleeve portion 500,it is possible to machine the center bore portion 3130 and the lower endsurface 6110 as illustrated in FIG. 23 at once by using the cuttingtools.

FIG. 33 is a diagram illustrating a guide gap 820 b according to anotherexample modification of the present preferred embodiment. In the firstcover portion 440 according to this example modification, an annularsurface 4420 b perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to thecentral axis J1 is arranged radially inward of the annular contactsurface 4420 a, in place of the first annular inclined surface 4430 aillustrated in FIG. 26. The annular surface 4420 b is positioned at alevel lower than that of the annular contact surface 4420 a. Inaddition, the lower surface 6100 of the sleeve portion 500 isperpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the central axis J1. Aportion 6110 of the lower surface 6100 which is close to the centralaxis J1 has defined therein the dynamic pressure grooves 6110 a, as withthe lower end surface 6110 illustrated in FIG. 24. The portion 6110 isarranged opposite to the upper surface 4210 of the first thrust portion420 along a direction parallel or substantially parallel to the centralaxis J1, to define the first thrust gap 810 between the portion 6110 andthe upper surface 4210. The lower end opening 5510 of the communicatingchannel 550 is positioned at the outer circumferential portion 6120 ofthe lower surface 610 radially outward of the first thrust gap 810. Theother structural features of the bearing mechanism 40 according to thisexample modification are the same as those of the bearing mechanism 40illustrated in FIG. 26.

In the bearing mechanism 40 according to this example modification, thatportion of the sleeve portion 500 which is radially outward of the lowerend opening 5510 is arranged in contact with the annular contact surface4420 a, so that the guide gap 820 b extending perpendicularly orsubstantially perpendicularly to the central axis J1 is defined betweenthe outer circumferential portion 6120 and the annular surface 4420 b. Acentrifugal force produced in the guide gap 820 b during the drive ofthe motor 120 causes the pressure on the lubricating oil 460 to becomelower at locations closer to the central axis J1 than at locationsfarther from the central axis J1. This pressure difference facilitatestravel of any air bubbles toward the central axis J1, resulting in easydischarge of the air bubbles into the first tapered gap 830.

FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating the first thrust portion 420 accordingto an example modification of the present preferred embodiment. Theradially outermost portion 4230 of the first thrust portion 420overlaps, in a direction parallel or substantially parallel to thecentral axis J1, with a radially inner portion of the chamfered portion5510 a of the lower end opening 5510. In addition, in plan view, theradially outermost portion 4230 is tangent to the wall surface 5530 ofthe communicating channel 550. In this case also, any air bubbletraveling downward from the communicating channel 550 is allowed totravel into the first tapered gap 830 without interference of the firstthrust portion 420. Note that, in plan view, the radially outermostportion 4230 may be positioned radially inward of the wall surface 5530while overlapping with the chamfered portion 5510 a.

FIG. 35 is a diagram illustrating a communicating channel 550 aaccording to an example modification of the present preferredembodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 35, the communicating channel 550 agradually decreases in distance from the central axis J1 in the upwarddirection. An upper end opening 5520 of the communicating channel 550 ais positioned in the second thrust gap 840, and the communicatingchannel 550 a is in direct communication with the upper portion of theradial gap 870. Note that the upper end opening 5520 of thecommunicating channel 550 may be positioned in the radial gap 870, inother modifications of the present preferred embodiment.

While one exemplary preferred embodiment of the present invention hasbeen described above, it is to be understood that the present inventionis not limited to the above-described preferred embodiments, but thatvarious other modifications are also possible. For example, the outsidesurface of the first thrust portion 420 may be a substantiallycylindrical surface parallel or substantially parallel to the centralaxis J1, in other preferred embodiments. In this case also, when theoutside diameter of the first thrust portion 420 is arranged to besmaller than the diameter of the lower end surface 6110 of the sleeveportion 500, the lubricating oil 460 is allowed to flow smoothly fromthe lower end opening 5510 of the communicating channel 550 into thefirst thrust gap 810.

In the above-described preferred embodiment, regarding the first thrustgap 810, the dynamic pressure grooves are defined on the lower endsurface 6110 of the sleeve portion 500, which defines a first thrustsurface. Note, however, that the dynamic pressure grooves may be definedon the upper surface 4210 of the first thrust portion 420, which definesa second thrust surface, in other preferred embodiments. Also note thatthe dynamic pressure grooves may be defined on both the lower endsurface 6110 of the sleeve portion 500 and the upper surface 4210 of thefirst thrust portion 420, in other preferred embodiments. Similarly, inthe above-described preferred embodiment, regarding the second thrustgap 840, the dynamic pressure grooves are defined on the upper endsurface 5210 of the sleeve portion 500, which defines a third thrustsurface. Note, however, that the dynamic pressure grooves may be definedon the lower surface 4310 of the second thrust portion 430, whichdefines a fourth thrust surface, in other preferred embodiments. Alsonote that the dynamic pressure grooves may be defined on both the upperend surface 5210 of the sleeve portion 500 and the lower surface 4310 ofthe second thrust portion 430, in other preferred embodiments.

In other preferred embodiments, the sleeve portion 500 may have definedtherein an additional communicating channel extending radially from amiddle portion of the inside surface 5410 thereof to the communicatingchannel 550, to allow the lubricating oil to flow through the firstthrust gap 810, the lower portion of the radial gap 870, the additionalcommunicating channel, and the communicating channel 550 to complete thecirculation. In the bearing mechanism 40 illustrated in FIGS. 26 and 27,the lower end opening 5510 of the communicating channel 550 is arrangedto extend over both the annular inclined surface 6410 and the outerannular surface 6420. Note, however, that the lower end opening 5510 maybe arranged to extend over only either the annular inclined surface 6410or the outer annular surface 6420, in other preferred embodiments. Thesame is true of the bearing mechanism 40 illustrated in FIG. 32. Thesleeve portion 500 may have, in place of the annular inclined surface6410, a cylindrical surface extending upward from the edge 6810 at anouter circumference of the lower end surface 6110, resulting in ashoulder portion, in other preferred embodiments. In this case also, thelubricating oil 460 is allowed to flow smoothly from the lower endopening 5510 of the communicating channel 550 into the first thrust gap810.

Note that the sleeve portion 500 and the rotor hub 310 may be defined byseparate members, in other preferred embodiments. In this case, theshape of the communicating channel 550 in a cross-section is notgenerally circular. Also note that the motor 120 may be mounted in anoptical disk drive apparatus or other types of disk drive apparatuses,in other preferred embodiments.

Also note that the first thrust portion and/or the second thrust portionmay be an integral portion of the shaft, in other preferred embodiments.

The present invention is preferably applicable to bearing mechanismsusing fluid dynamic pressure. Motors including a bearing mechanismaccording to an embodiment of the present invention can be used as amotor for a disk drive apparatus, and also as a motor for other types ofapparatuses.

While the invention has been shown and described with respect to thepreferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the artthat various changes and modification may be made without departing fromthe scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

It is assumed herein with respect to the following description that avertical direction is defined as a direction in which a central axis J1of a spindle motor 12N extends in FIG. 36, and that an upper side and alower side along the vertical direction are referred to simply as an“upper side” and a “lower side”, respectively. It should be noted,however, that the term “vertical direction” as used herein does notnecessarily refer to a vertical direction when the motor 12N has beenactually installed in a device. It is also assumed herein that acircumferential direction about the central axis J1 is referred to bythe terms “circumferential direction”, “circumferentially”,“circumferential”, etc., and that a direction centered on the centralaxis J1 is referred to by the terms “radial direction”, “radially”,“radial”, etc.

FIG. 36 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a disk drive apparatus 1Nincluding the spindle motor (hereinafter refer to simply as the “motor”)12N according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.The disk drive apparatus 1N is a so-called hard disk drive apparatus.The disk drive apparatus 1N preferably includes three disks 11N, themotor 12N, an access portion 13N, and a housing 14N, for example. Eachof the disks 11N is a flat disc-shaped member, and is arranged to haveinformation stored therein. The motor 12N is arranged to rotate whileholding the disks 11N. The access portion 13N is arranged to read and/orwrite information from or to the disks 11N. Note that the number ofdisks 11N may be greater or smaller than three if so desired.

The housing 14N preferably includes a first housing member 141N and asecond housing member 142N. The second housing member 142N issubstantially in the shape of a flat plate member. The motor 12N and theaccess portion 13N are arranged to be housed inside the first housingmember 141N. In the disk drive apparatus 1N, the second housing member142N is joined to the first housing member 141N through, for example,welding, or by some other desirable connecting method to thereby definethe housing 14N. An interior space of the housing 14N is preferablyhermetically sealed, and completely or substantially free from dust anddebris. In addition, the interior space of the housing 14N is alsopreferably filled with a gas, for example, a helium gas.

The three disks 11N are arranged at substantially regular intervals inthe axial direction through spacers 152N, and are clamped through aclamper 151N and the motor 12N. The access portion 13N preferablyincludes six heads 131N, six arms 132N, and a head actuator mechanism133N. Each of the six arms 132N is arranged to support one of the sixheads 131N. Each of the heads 131N is arranged in close proximity to anassociated one of the disks 11N to magnetically read and/or writeinformation from or to the disk 11N. The head actuator mechanism 133N isarranged to actuate each arm 132N to thereby move an associated one ofthe heads 131N relative to a corresponding one of the disks 11N.According to the above-described structure, each head 131N is arrangedto access a desired location on a corresponding one of the rotatingdisks 11N while being held close to the disk 11N, to read and/or writeinformation from or to the disk 11N.

FIG. 37 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the motor 12N. The motor12N is preferably an outer-rotor motor. The motor 12N includes astationary portion 2N, a rotating portion 3N, and a fluid dynamicbearing mechanism 4N (hereinafter referred to as a “bearing mechanism4N”). The rotating portion 3N is supported through the bearing mechanism4N such that the rotating portion 3N is rotatable about the central axisJ1 of the motor 12N with respect to the stationary portion 2N. Thecentral axis J1 of the motor 12N is also a central axis of each of thestationary portion 2N, the rotating portion 3N, and the bearingmechanism 4N.

The stationary portion 2N includes a base bracket 21N and an annularstator 22N. The base bracket 21N is attached to the first housing member141N illustrated in FIG. 36. The stator 22N is fixed to a circumferenceof a substantially cylindrical holder of the base bracket 21N. A holeportion is defined inside the holder, and a lower end portion of a shaft41N of the bearing mechanism 4N is fixed to the hole portion. A lowerend opening of the hole portion is closed by a plate 23N.

The rotating portion 3N includes a rotor hub 31N and a rotor magnet 32N.The rotor hub 31N includes a hub portion 311N and a cylindrical portion312N. The cylindrical portion 312N is arranged to project axiallydownward from an outer edge portion of the hub portion 311N. The rotormagnet 32N preferably includes a substantially cylindrical rotor magnet321N and a back iron 322N. The rotor magnet 321N is fixed to an insideof the cylindrical portion 312N with the back iron 322N therebetween.The rotor magnet 321N is arranged radially opposite the stator 22N togenerate a torque between the stator 22N and the rotor magnet 321N.

A hole portion 313N extending in parallel or substantially in parallelwith the central axis J1 is defined in a central portion of the hubportion 311N. Hereinafter, a portion 5N of the hub portion 311N which isclose to the central axis J1 and which includes the hole portion 313Nwill be referred to as a “sleeve portion 5N”. A portion 51N of thesleeve portion 5N which is close to a center of the sleeve portion 5Nand which includes a lower end surface of the sleeve portion 5N isarranged to project downward. Hereinafter, the portion 51N will bereferred to as a “bottom portion 51N”. A recessed portion 53N is definedin a center of a top portion of the hub portion 311N. A bottom portionof the recessed portion 53N corresponds to a top portion 52N of thesleeve portion 5N. A shoulder portion recessed slightly downward isarranged around the recessed portion 53N. The shaft 41N is inserted intothe hole portion 313N of the sleeve portion 5N. A communicating channel55N extending through the sleeve portion 5N in the vertical direction orsubstantially in the vertical direction, i.e., in parallel orsubstantially in parallel with the central axis J1, is arranged radiallyoutward of the hole portion 313N. A cross section of the communicatingchannel 55N perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the centralaxis J1 preferably has the shape of a circle. Note that the shape of thecross section of the communicating channel 55N is not limited to thecircle and could instead be any desirable shape.

The bearing mechanism 4N includes the shaft 41N, a first thrust portion42N, a second thrust portion 43N, a first cover portion 44N, a secondcover portion 45N, and a lubricating oil 46N. The shaft 41N is fixed tothe base bracket 21N, so that the shaft 41N remains stationary whilebeing oriented in the vertical direction along the central axis J1. Thefirst thrust portion 42N and the second thrust portion 43N arepreferably defined by substantially tubular members of mutuallydifferent shapes. Each of the first thrust portion 42N and the secondthrust portion 43N is preferably made of phosphor bronze or the like,for example. The rotor hub 31N is preferably made of stainless steel ormade of aluminum with a nickel plating, for example. The hardness ofeach of the first thrust portion 42N and the second thrust portion 43Nis lower than that of the sleeve portion 5N of the rotor hub 31N.

The first thrust portion 42N is preferably press fitted, for example,and thereby fixed to the shaft 41N on a lower side of the sleeve portion5N. The second thrust portion 43N is preferably press fitted, forexample, and thereby fixed to the shaft 41N on an upper side of thesleeve portion 5N. The first cover portion 44N and the second coverportion 45N are preferably arranged to have mutually different shapes.The first cover portion 44N is attached to the bottom portion 51N of thesleeve portion 5N, and arranged opposite to an outside surface of thefirst thrust portion 42N. Meanwhile, the second cover portion 45N isfixed to the shoulder portion around the recessed portion 53N, andarranged to cover an upper portion of the second thrust portion 43N. Inthe motor 12N, the lubricating oil 46N is arranged in a gap definedbetween the shaft 41N and the sleeve portion 5N, a gap defined betweenthe axially lower end surface of the sleeve portion 5N and an axiallyupper end surface of the first thrust portion 42N, a gap defined betweenan axially upper end surface of the sleeve portion 5N and an axiallylower end surface of the second thrust portion 43N, a gap definedbetween the first thrust portion 42N and the first cover portion 44N,and a gap defined between the second thrust portion 43N and the secondcover portion 45N. Moreover, the lubricating oil 46N is also provided inthe communicating channel 55N.

In the motor 12N, the sleeve portion 5N defines a portion of the bearingmechanism 4N as a portion supported by the shaft 41N. That is, thesleeve portion 5N serves as both a portion of the rotating portion 3Nand a portion of the bearing mechanism 4N.

FIG. 38 is an enlarged bottom view of a lower end surface 611N of thesleeve portion 5N and its vicinity. The lower end surface 611N ispreferably an annular surface perpendicular or substantiallyperpendicular to the central axis J1. The lower end surface 611Nincludes dynamic pressure grooves 611 aN in a spiral pattern definedtherein. During driving of the motor 12N, the dynamic pressure grooves611 aN are arranged to be rotated to induce (i.e., to pump) thelubricating oil 46N to travel radially inward within the dynamicpressure grooves 611 aN, so that a sufficient dynamic pressure will begenerated to drive the motor 12N. This contributes to preventing thegeneration of an air bubble due to a reduction in pressure. Although notshown in the figures, the axially upper end surface of the sleeveportion 5N is also preferably an annular surface perpendicular orsubstantially perpendicular to the central axis J1. The upper endsurface of the sleeve portion 5N preferably includes dynamic pressuregrooves having substantially the same configuration as that of thedynamic pressure grooves 611 aN illustrated in FIG. 38. Morespecifically, the configuration of the dynamic pressure grooves whenviewed in a plan view corresponds to the configuration of the dynamicpressure grooves 611 aN reversely oriented in the circumferentialdirection about the central axis J1.

Referring to FIG. 39A, an inside surface 541N of the sleeve portion 5Npreferably includes dynamic pressure grooves 71N and 72N preferably in,for example, a herringbone pattern defined thereon, at an upper portionand a lower portion thereof, respectively. More specifically, thedynamic pressure grooves 71N and 72N are arranged in the circumferentialdirection on the inside surface 541N, such that each one of the dynamicpressure grooves 71N and 72N corresponds to the shape of the letter “V”turned sideways. Each one of the lower dynamic pressure grooves 72Nincludes a lower groove portion 721N longer than an upper groove portion722N thereof. This arrangement of the dynamic pressure grooves 72Ncontributes to generating a pressure that acts to cause the lubricatingoil 46N to flow axially upward in a radial gap described below, so thatthe lubricating oil 46N will then travel through the communicatingchannel 55N as illustrated in FIG. 37 to complete circulation.

Referring to FIG. 39B, in the case where the lower groove portion 721Nof each lower dynamic pressure groove 72N is arranged to havesubstantially the same length as that of the upper groove portion 722Nthereof, an inclined groove 73N extending in parallel or substantiallyin parallel with the lower groove portions 721N may be arranged betweeneach pair of adjacent lower groove portions 721N. Also, referring toFIG. 39C, an inclined groove 74N extending in parallel or substantiallyin parallel with the lower groove portions 721N may be arranged beloweach one of the lower groove portions 721N.

FIG. 40 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a lower portionof the bearing mechanism 4N in an enlarged form. In the bearingmechanism 4N, a minute gap is defined between the inside surface 541N ofthe sleeve portion 5N and an outside surface 411N of the shaft 41N. Thisgap will be hereinafter referred to as the “radial gap”. During drivingof the motor 12N, the dynamic pressure grooves 71N and 72N in theherringbone pattern illustrated in FIG. 39A serve to generate a radialdynamic pressure acting on the lubricating oil 46N in the radial gap,resulting in formation of a radial bearing portion which supports thesleeve portion 5N in directions perpendicular or substantiallyperpendicular to the central axis J1 in relation to the shaft 41N.Hereinafter, the radial gap and the radial bearing portion will bedenoted by reference symbols 87N and 871N, respectively.

An upper end surface 421N of the first thrust portion 42N is arrangedopposite to the lower end surface 611N of the sleeve portion 5N. Aminute gap 81N is defined between the upper end surface 421N and thelower end surface 611N. Hereinafter, the gap 81N will be referred to asa “first thrust gap 81N”. A first thrust bearing portion 811N is definedin the first thrust gap 81N, and during the drive of the motor 12N, thedynamic pressure grooves 611 aN in the spiral pattern illustrated inFIG. 38 serve to generate a thrust dynamic pressure acting on thelubricating oil 46N in the gap between the first thrust portion 42N andthe sleeve portion 5N.

Referring to FIG. 40, an outside surface 422N of the first thrustportion 42N includes an outside surface top portion 422 aN, an outsidesurface inclined portion 422 bN, and an outside surface bottom portion422 cN. The outside surface inclined portion 422 bN includes asubstantially conical surface that is angled at a substantially constantangle with respect to the central axis J1 to become gradually closer tothe central axis J1 with decreasing height. The outside surface topportion 422 aN is arranged to extend upward from an upper end 425N ofthe outside surface inclined portion 422 bN. The outside surface topportion 422 aN includes a substantially cylindrical surface arranged toextend in parallel or substantially in parallel with the central axisJ1. The outside surface bottom portion 422 cN is arranged to extenddownward from a lower end 426N of the outside surface inclined portion422 bN. The outside surface bottom portion 422 cN includes asubstantially conical surface that is angled at a substantially constantangle with respect to the central axis J1 to become gradually closer tothe central axis J1 with decreasing height. The outside surface bottomportion 422 cN has a different inclination angle from that of theoutside surface inclined portion 422 bN with respect to the central axisJ1. The angle of a generatrix of the outside surface bottom portion 422cN with respect to the central axis J1 is smaller than the angle of ageneratrix of the outside surface inclined portion 422 bN with respectto the central axis J1. Note that the outside surface bottom portion 422cN may be a substantially cylindrical surface arranged to extend inparallel or substantially in parallel with the central axis J1.

The first cover portion 44N includes a cylindrical portion 441N, anannular portion 442N, an inclined portion 443N, and a cover bottomportion 444N. The annular portion 442N is preferably in a substantiallyannular shape and centered on the central axis J1. The cylindricalportion 441N is arranged to extend upward from an outer circumferentialportion of the annular portion 442N in parallel or substantially inparallel with the central axis J1. The cylindrical portion 441N ispreferably press fitted, for example, to a cover attachment portion 63Nof the sleeve portion 5N, and fixed thereto through an adhesive 91N.

The inclined portion 443N is arranged to extend downward from an innercircumferential portion of the annular portion 442N. An inside surfaceof the inclined portion 443N includes a first annular inclined surface443 aN and a second annular inclined surface 443 bN. The first annularinclined surface 443 aN is arranged radially inward of and adjacent toan upper surface of the annular portion 442N. The second annularinclined surface 443 bN is arranged radially inward of and adjacent tothe first annular inclined surface 443 aN. Each of the first annularinclined surface 443 aN and the second annular inclined surface 443 bNincludes a substantially conical surface that is angled at asubstantially constant angle with respect to the central axis J1 tobecome gradually closer to the central axis J1 with decreasing height.The inclination angle of the second annular inclined surface 443 bN withrespect to the central axis J1 is smaller than the inclination angle ofthe first annular inclined surface 443 aN with respect to the centralaxis J1.

A minute gap 82N is defined between the first annular inclined surface443 aN and the sleeve portion 5N. During the driving of the motor 12N,the gap 82N serves to guide the lubricating oil 46N from thecommunicating channel 55N toward the first thrust gap 81N. Hereinafter,the gap 82N will be referred to as a “guide gap 82N”. The guide gap 82Nis arranged to gradually increase in width in the axially downwarddirection and with decreasing distance from the central axis J1.

A gap 83N is defined between the second annular inclined surface 443 bNand the outside surface inclined portion 422 bN of the first thrustportion 42N. The gap 83N is arranged to gradually increase in width inthe axially downward direction. Hereinafter, the gap 83N will bereferred to as a “first tapered gap 83N”. The first tapered gap 83N hasan interface of the lubricating oil 46N therewithin. In other words,both of the second annular inclined surface 443 bN of the first coverportion 44N and the outside surface inclined portion 422 bN of the firstthrust portion 42N are arranged in contact with the interface of thelubricating oil 46N. The interface of the lubricating oil 46N isarranged at a level lower than that of a lower end 428N of an insidesurface contact portion 424 bN of the first thrust portion 42Nillustrated in FIG. 43 described below.

FIG. 41 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating an upper portionof the bearing mechanism 4N in an enlarged form. The second thrustportion 43N is preferably in a substantially annular shape and centeredon the central axis J1. The second thrust portion 43N is arranged insidethe recessed portion 53N of the hub portion 311N. The second thrustportion 43N includes a lower end surface 431N, an outer annular surface432N, an outside surface 433N, and an inclined surface 434N. The lowerend surface 431N includes an annular surface that is arranged to projectslightly downward. The outer annular surface 432N is arranged radiallyoutward of the lower end surface 431N. The outside surface 433N includesa substantially cylindrical surface arranged to extend in parallel orsubstantially in parallel with the central axis J1. The inclined surface434N is arranged to extend from an upper end of the outside surface 433Nobliquely upward toward the central axis J1.

The lower end surface 431N of the second thrust portion 43N is arrangedopposite to an upper end surface 521N of the sleeve portion 5N. A minutegap 84N is defined between the upper end surface 521N and the lower endsurface 431N. Hereinafter, the gap 84N will be referred to as a “secondthrust gap 84N”. The outside surface 433N of the second thrust portion43N is arranged opposite to a side wall 531N of the recessed portion 53Nwith a gap 85N defined therebetween. Hereinafter, the gap 85N will bereferred to as a “side portion gap 85N”. Referring to FIG. 42, theoutside surface 433N includes dynamic pressure grooves 433 aN arrangedto extend obliquely in the same direction defined therein.

During the drive of the motor 12N, a second thrust bearing portion 841Nis defined in the second thrust gap 84N illustrated in FIG. 41, and athrust dynamic pressure acting on the lubricating oil 46N is generatedthrough the dynamic pressure grooves in the spiral pattern. In the sideportion gap 85N, a dynamic pressure that acts to cause the lubricatingoil 46N to flow downward is generated through the dynamic pressuregrooves 433 aN. This dynamic pressure contributes to preventing aleakage of the lubricating oil 46N through a second tapered gap 86N, asdescribed below.

The second cover portion 45N includes a disk portion 451N and a sideportion 452N. The disk portion 451N is angled slightly downward in theradially outward direction. The side portion 452N is arranged to extenddownward from a radially outer end portion of the disk portion 451N. Theside portion 452N and the inclined surface 434N of the second thrustportion 43N are arranged to together define the second tapered gap 86Ntherebetween, such that the second tapered gap 86N gradually increasesin width in the axially upward direction. The second tapered gap 86Nincludes an interface of the lubricating oil 46N therewithin.

In the bearing mechanism 4N, the lubricating oil 46N is arranged tofill, continuously without interruption, the guide gap 82N, the firsttapered gap 83N, the first thrust gap 81N, and the radial gap 87Nillustrated in FIG. 40, and the second thrust gap 84N, the side portiongap 85N, the second tapered gap 86N, and the communicating channel 55Nillustrated in FIG. 41.

When the sleeve portion 5N of the motor 12N is caused to rotate aboutthe central axis J1 relative to the shaft 41N, the first thrust bearingportion 811N and the second thrust bearing portion 841N serve to supportthe sleeve portion 5N in the axial direction with respect to the shaft41N. In addition, the radial bearing portion 871N serves to support thesleeve portion 5N in directions perpendicular or substantiallyperpendicular to the central axis J1 with respect to the shaft 41N. Atthis time, the lubricating oil 46N is caused to flow through thecommunicating channel 55N in the downward direction, and the guide gap82N illustrated in FIG. 40 serves to direct the lubricating oil 46N froma lower end opening of the communicating channel 55N in the direction ofthe first tapered gap 83N and toward the first thrust gap 81N. When thelubricating oil 46N contains an air bubble, the air bubble is caused totravel through the guide gap 82N and the first tapered gap 83N to bedischarged to an outside through the interface of the lubricating oil46N. In addition, the lubricating oil 46N is caused to flow through thefirst thrust gap 81N to an axial bottom of the radial gap 87N, then flowthrough the radial gap 87N to an axial top thereof, and then to flowthrough the second thrust gap 84N illustrated in FIG. 41 into thecommunicating channel 55N.

In the bearing mechanism 4N, the shaft 41N is supported without contactwith the sleeve portion 5N. Therefore, the rotating portion 3Nillustrated in FIG. 37 is able to rotate with respect to the stationaryportion 2N with high precision and limited noise.

FIG. 43 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating the first thrustportion 42N in an enlarged form. FIG. 44 is a partial cross-sectionalview illustrating the first thrust portion 42N and a portion of theshaft 41N in an enlarged form. An inside surface 424N of the firstthrust portion 42N includes an inside surface upper non-contact portion424 aN, the inside surface contact portion 424 bN, and an inside surfacelower non-contact portion 424 cN. Referring to FIG. 44, the insidesurface contact portion 424 bN of the first thrust portion 42N isarranged in direct contact with the outside surface 411N of the shaft41N. In addition, each of the inside surface upper non-contact portion424 aN and the inside surface lower non-contact portion 424 cN is spacedaway from the outside surface 411N of the shaft 41N. The axial dimensionof the inside surface lower non-contact portion 424 cN is greater thanthat of the inside surface contact portion 424 bN.

Referring to FIG. 43, the inside surface contact portion 424 bN of thefirst thrust portion 42N is preferably a substantially cylindricalsurface arranged to extend in parallel or substantially in parallel withthe central axis J1. The inside surface upper non-contact portion 424 aNis arranged to extend upward from an upper end 427N of the insidesurface contact portion 424 bN. The inside surface upper non-contactportion 424 aN includes a substantially conical surface that is angledat a substantially constant angle with respect to the central axis J1 tobecome gradually more distant from the central axis J1 with increasingaxial height. The inside surface lower non-contact portion 424 cN isarranged to extend downward from the lower end 428N of the insidesurface contact portion 424 bN. The inside surface lower non-contactportion 424 cN includes a substantially cylindrical surface arranged toextend in parallel or substantially in parallel with the central axisJ1. In the present preferred embodiment, an upper end portion of theinside surface lower non-contact portion 424 cN includes a substantiallyconical surface arranged to extend downward from the lower end 428N ofthe inside surface contact portion 424 bN at a substantially constantangle to the central axis J1 to become gradually more distant from thecentral axis J1 with decreasing height. In addition, an entire portionof the inside surface lower non-contact portion 424 cN except the upperend portion thereof is preferably defined by a cylindrical surfaceextending in parallel or substantially in parallel with the central axisJ1. The diameter of this cylindrical surface is greater than that of theinside surface contact portion 424 bN.

In the present preferred embodiment, the axial dimension of the firstthrust portion 42N is preferably about 3.9 mm, for example. The axialdistance between the upper end surface 421N of the first thrust portion42N and the upper end 425N of the outside surface inclined portion 422bN is preferably about 0.2 mm, for example. The axial distance betweenthe upper end surface 421N and the lower end 426N of the outside surfaceinclined portion 422 bN is preferably about 2.8 mm, for example. Theaxial distance between the upper end surface 421N and the upper end 427Nof the inside surface contact portion 424 bN is preferably about 0.4 mm,for example. The axial distance between the upper end surface 421N andthe lower end 428N of the inside surface contact portion 424 bN ispreferably about 2.0 mm, for example. Accordingly, the axial dimensionof the inside surface contact portion 424 bN is preferably about 1.6 mm,for example. Moreover, the axial dimension of the inside surface lowernon-contact portion 424 cN, i.e., the axial distance between the lowerend 428N of the inside surface contact portion 424 bN and a lower endsurface 423N of the first thrust portion 42N is preferably about 1.9 mm,for example. In the first thrust portion 42N, the lower end 428N of theinside surface contact portion 424 bN is arranged at a level higher thanthat of the lower end 426N of the outside surface inclined portion 422bN. In addition, the axial dimension of the inside surface contactportion 424 bN is smaller than that of the inside surface lowernon-contact portion 424 cN.

Furthermore, the maximum diameter of the first thrust portion 42N, i.e.,the diameter of the outside surface top portion 422 aN, is preferablyabout 7.3 mm, for example. The angle defined between the generatrix ofthe outside surface inclined portion 422 bN and the central axis J1 ispreferably about 17°, for example. The angle defined between thegeneratrix of the outside surface bottom portion 422 cN and the centralaxis J1 preferably is about 4°, for example. The diameter of the insidesurface contact portion 424 bN is preferably about 4.0 mm, for example.The diameter of the entire portion of the inside surface lowernon-contact portion 424 cN except the upper end portion thereof ispreferably about 4.1 mm, for example. An angle defined between thecentral axis J1 and a generatrix of the upper end portion, which issubstantially in the shape of a conical surface, of the inside surfacelower non-contact portion 424 cN is preferably about 15°, for example.An angle defined between the central axis J1 and a generatrix of theinside surface upper non-contact portion 424 aN preferably is about 20°,for example.

FIG. 45 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a portion of theshaft 41N in an enlarged form. The outside surface 411N of the shaft 41Nincludes a first cylindrical portion 411 aN, an inclined portion 411 bN,and a second cylindrical portion 411 cN. Each of the first and secondcylindrical portions 411 aN and 411 cN includes a cylindrical surfacearranged to extend in parallel or substantially in parallel with thecentral axis J1. The diameter of the first cylindrical portion 411 aN isgreater than that of the second cylindrical portion 411 cN. The inclinedportion 411 bN is arranged to extend downward from a lower end 413N ofthe first cylindrical portion 411 aN. The inclined portion 411 bNincludes a substantially conical surface that is angled at asubstantially constant slight angle with respect to the central axis J1so as to become gradually closer to the central axis J1 with decreasingheight. The second cylindrical portion 411 cN is arranged to extenddownward from a lower end 414N of the inclined portion 411 bN. Anannular recessed portion 415N centered on the central axis J1 is definedin the first cylindrical portion 411 aN.

In the present preferred embodiment, the diameter of the firstcylindrical portion 411 aN, except for the recessed portion 415N, ispreferably about 3.99 mm, for example. The depth of the recessed portion415N is preferably about 0.1 mm, for example. The axial dimension of therecessed portion 415N is preferably about 0.5 mm, for example. Thediameter of the second cylindrical portion 411 cN is preferably about3.96 mm, for example. The axial dimension of the inclined portion 411bN, i.e., the axial distance between the lower end 413N of the firstcylindrical portion 411 aN and the lower end 414N of the inclinedportion 411 bN, is preferably about 1.0 mm, for example.

Referring to FIG. 44, the first cylindrical portion 411 aN is arrangedin contact with the inside surface contact portion 424 bN of the firstthrust portion 42N. The lower end 413N of the first cylindrical portion411 aN is arranged at a level axially lower than that of the lower end428N of the inside surface contact portion 424 bN. In other words, theinclined portion 411 bN is arranged on a lower side of a region wherethe outside surface 411N of the shaft 41N is in contact with the insidesurface contact portion 424 bN of the first thrust portion 42N. Inaddition, an upper end of the first cylindrical portion 411 aN isarranged at a level higher than that of the upper end 427N of the insidesurface contact portion 424 bN. Therefore, the inside surface contactportion 424 bN is arranged in contact with the outside surface 411N ofthe shaft 41N in its entirety except for a portion thereof which isopposite to the recessed portion 415N. An area of contact between theinside surface 424N of the first thrust portion 42N and the outsidesurface 411N of the shaft 41N is thus increased to enable the firstthrust portion 42N to be securely fixed to the shaft 41N. If the firstthrust portion 42N were fixed to the shaft 41N with the inside surfacecontact portion 424 bN arranged opposite to the inclined portion 411 bNof the shaft 41N, the first thrust portion 42N might be angled withrespect to the central axis J1. In the bearing mechanism 4N according tothe present preferred embodiment, however, the first thrust portion 42Nis prevented from being angled with respect to the central axis J1because the inside surface contact portion 424 bN is arranged axiallyabove the inclined portion 411 bN.

When the first thrust portion 42N is fixed to the shaft 41N, an adhesive92N is applied onto the outside surface 411N of the shaft 41N such thatthe adhesive 92N assumes a substantially annular shape around thecentral axis J1. The adhesive 92N is preferably applied to a vicinity ofthe lower end 414N of the inclined portion 411 bN. After the applicationof the adhesive 92N, the first thrust portion 42N is moved upwardrelative to the shaft 41N through a lower end of the shaft 41N topreferably be, for example, press fitted to the shaft 41N. This upwardmovement of the first thrust portion 42N results in a spreading theadhesive 92N, so that the adhesive 92N is spread between the insidesurface 424N of the first thrust portion 42N and the outside surface411N of the shaft 41N. The adhesive 92N also serves as a lubricant whenthe first thrust portion 42N is, for example, press fitted to the shaft41N. The first thrust portion 42N is fixed to the first cylindricalportion 411 aN as a result of being press fitted to the shaft 41N. Inthe outside surface 411N of the shaft 41N, the inclined portion 411 bNis arranged below the first cylindrical portion 411 aN. The inclinedportion 411 bN serves as a guide when the first thrust portion 42N ispress fitted to the shaft 41N. This makes it easier to press fit thefirst thrust portion 42N to the shaft 41N.

The adhesive 92N, which has been spread as a result of the, for example,press fit of the first thrust portion 42N, exists between the insidesurface upper non-contact portion 424 aN of the first thrust portion 42Nand the outside surface 411N of the shaft 41N. This contributes topreventing the lubricating oil 46N from leaking through a gap betweenthe first thrust portion 42N and the shaft 41N. In addition, theadhesive 92N also exits at a position between the inside surface lowernon-contact portion 424 cN and the outside surface 411N. Furthermore,the adhesive 92N also exists at a position between the inside surfacecontact portion 424 bN and the outside surface 411N. This results in animprovement in a joining strength with which the first thrust portion42N is joined to the shaft 41N. Furthermore, the recessed portion 415N,which is opposite to the inside surface contact portion 424 bN, isfilled with the adhesive 92N. This contributes to an additionalimprovement in the strength with which the first thrust portion 42N isjoined to the shaft 41N.

In the bearing mechanism 4N, an annular recessed portion centered on thecentral axis J1 may be defined in the inside surface contact portion ofthe first thrust portion in place of the recessed portion 415N of theshaft 41N. In this case, the recessed portion defined in the insidesurface contact portion is filled with the adhesive, so that animprovement in strength is achieved with which the first thrust portion42N is joined to the shaft 41N. Furthermore, the annular recessedportion centered on the central axis J1 may be defined in the insidesurface contact portion of the first thrust portion without eliminatingthe recessed portion 415N of the shaft 41N. In this case, an additionalimprovement in the strength with which the first thrust portion 42N isjoined to the shaft 41N can be achieved by spacing the recessed portion415N of the shaft 41N from the recessed portion of the inside surfacecontact portion in the vertical direction.

As described above, the inside surface 424N of the first thrust portion42N includes the inside surface contact portion 424 bN and the insidesurface lower non-contact portion 424 cN, while the outside surface 422Nof the first thrust portion 42N includes the outside surface inclinedportion 422 bN. The lower end 428N of the inside surface contact portion424 bN is arranged at a level higher than that of the lower end 426N ofthe outside surface inclined portion 422 bN. The inside surface 424N isthus spaced away from the shaft 41N in a lower portion of the firstthrust portion 42N, which has a decreased outside diameter and is morelikely to experience a deformation at the time of the, for example,press fitting. This contributes to preventing a deformation of the firstthrust portion 42N at the time of the press fitting. This in turncontributes to an improvement in perpendicularity of the upper endsurface 421N of the first thrust portion 42N with respect to the outsidesurface 411N of the shaft 41N.

The structure as described above is particularly suitable for a thrustportion shaped so as to experience a deformation relatively easily atthe time of the press fit, that is, a thrust portion that has arelatively great axial dimension for its thickness. In order to hold asufficient amount of the lubricating oil 46N in the motor 12N, theoutside surface bottom portion 422 cN is arranged below the outsidesurface inclined portion 422 bN of the first thrust portion 42N, with acorresponding increase in the axial dimension of the first thrustportion 42N. Therefore, the structure as described above, whichcontributes to preventing a deformation at the time of the press fit, isparticularly suitable for the first thrust portion 42N including theoutside surface bottom portion 422 cN.

It is assumed here that the axial dimension of the inside surface lowernon-contact portion 424 cN of the first thrust portion 42N is denoted bythe character “B”, that the axial dimension of the entire first thrustportion 42N is denoted by the character “A”, that the effective width ofthe upper end surface 421N of the first thrust portion 42N is denoted bythe character “L”, and that the effective width of the lower end surface423N of the first thrust portion 42N is denoted by the character “R”.Then, it is preferable that B/A should be greater than the square of R/L(i.e., (R/L)²). In this case, an additional improvement is achieved inthe perpendicularity of the upper end surface 421N of the first thrustportion 42N with respect to the outside surface 411N of the shaft 41N.

Note that the effective width L of the upper end surface 421N refers toa half of a difference between the outside diameter and the insidediameter of the upper end surface 421N, which is defined by asubstantially annular surface. When the outside diameter and the insidediameter of the upper end surface 421N are determined, chamferedportions defined radially outward and inward of the upper end surface421N are not considered to constitute portions of the upper end surface421N. Also note that the effective width R of the lower end surface 423Nrefers to a half of a difference between the outside diameter and theinside diameter of the lower end surface 423N, which is defined by asubstantially annular surface. When the outside diameter and the insidediameter of the lower end surface 423N are determined, chamferedportions defined radially outward and inward of the lower end surface423N are not considered to constitute portions of the lower end surface423N.

Moreover, because the axial dimension of the inside surface lowernon-contact portion 424 cN of the first thrust portion 42N is greaterthan that of the inside surface contact portion 424 bN thereof, theprobability of a deformation of the first thrust portion 42N isadditionally reduced. This contributes to an additional improvement inthe perpendicularity of the upper end surface 421N of the first thrustportion 42N with respect to the outside surface 411N of the shaft 41N.

FIG. 46 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a lower portionof a bearing mechanism 4 aN in a motor according to a fourth preferredembodiment of the present invention in an enlarged form. In the bearingmechanism 4 aN, a first thrust portion 42 aN having a different shapefrom that of the first thrust portion 42N illustrated in FIG. 44 ispreferably, for example, press fitted and thereby fixed to the shaft41N. The motor according to the fourth preferred embodiment is otherwisesimilar in structure to the motor 12N illustrated in FIG. 37, and thesame reference symbols as used in the description of the motor 12N willbe used where appropriate in the description of the motor according tothe fourth preferred embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 46, in the first thrust portion 42 aN, the outsidesurface inclined portion 422 bN is arranged to extend over almost anentire axial extent of the outside surface 422N. Specifically, theoutside surface 422N includes the outside surface top portion 422 aN andthe outside surface inclined portion 422 bN. The outside surface topportion 422 aN is arranged to extend upward from the upper end 425N ofthe outside surface inclined portion 422 bN until it reaches thevicinity of the upper end surface 421N of the first thrust portion 42aN. The outside surface inclined portion 422 bN includes a substantiallyconical surface that is angled at a substantially constant angle withrespect to the central axis J1 to become gradually closer to the centralaxis J1 with decreasing height. The lower end 426N of the outsidesurface inclined portion 422 bN is located in the vicinity of the lowerend surface 423N of the first thrust portion 42 aN.

The shape of the inside surface 424N of the first thrust portion 42 aNis substantially similar to that of the inside surface 424N of the firstthrust portion 42N illustrated in FIG. 43. The inside surface 424N ofthe first thrust portion 42 aN includes the inside surface uppernon-contact portion 424 aN, the inside surface contact portion 424 bN,and the inside surface lower non-contact portion 424 cN. The lower end428N of the inside surface contact portion 424 bN is arranged at anaxial level higher than that of the lower end 426N of the outsidesurface inclined portion 422 bN. In the bearing mechanism 4 aN, as wellas in the bearing mechanism 4N, the inside surface 424N is spaced awayfrom the shaft 41N in an axially lower portion of the first thrustportion 42 aN so that a deformation of the first thrust portion 42 aNcan be prevented. This contributes to an improvement in theperpendicularity of the upper end surface 421N of the first thrustportion 42 aN with respect to the outside surface 411N of the shaft 41N.Moreover, because the axial dimension of the inside surface lowernon-contact portion 424 cN is greater than that of the inside surfacecontact portion 424 bN, the probability of a deformation of the firstthrust portion 42 aN is additionally reduced.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been describedabove, the present invention is not limited to the above-describedpreferred embodiments, but a variety of modifications are possible.

For example, the first thrust portion may be tight fitted and therebyfixed to the shaft not through the press fit but by other methods suchas, for example, a shrink fit. Also in that case, the first thrustportion shaped as described above contributes to an improvement in theperpendicularity of the upper end surface of the first thrust portionwith respect to the outside surface of the shaft.

In the first thrust portion 42N, the diameter of the inside surfacelower non-contact portion 424 cN is greater than that of the insidesurface contact portion 424 bN. However, referring to FIG. 47, theinside surface contact portion 424 bN and the inside surface lowernon-contact portion 424 cN of a first thrust portion 42 bN according toanother preferred embodiment of the present invention may be defined bysubstantially cylindrical surfaces having substantially the samediameter. In other words, the entire inside surface 424N of the firstthrust portion 42 bN except for the inside surface upper non-contactportion 424 aN is defined by a substantially cylindrical surface havinga substantially constant diameter. A portion of the substantiallycylindrical surface which is arranged in contact with the firstcylindrical portion 411 aN of the outside surface 411N of the shaft 41Ndefines the inside surface contact portion 424 bN, while a portion ofthe substantially cylindrical surface which is arranged opposite to andspaced away from the inclined portion 411 bN and the second cylindricalportion 411 cN defines the inside surface lower non-contact portion 424cN.

In the first thrust gap 81N, the dynamic pressure grooves 611 aN aredefined in the lower end surface 611N of the sleeve portion 5N. Note,however, that dynamic pressure grooves may be defined in the axiallyupper end surface of the first thrust portion. Also note that thedynamic pressure grooves may be defined in both the axially lower endsurface of the sleeve portion and the axially upper end surface of thefirst thrust portion. Similarly, note that, in the second thrust gap84N, dynamic pressure grooves may be defined in the axially lower endsurface of the second thrust portion, instead of in the upper endsurface 521N of the sleeve portion 5N. Also note that the dynamicpressure grooves may be defined in both the axially upper end surface ofthe sleeve portion and the axially lower end surface of the secondthrust portion.

In the preferred embodiments described above, the first thrust portion42N or 42 aN is arranged between the sleeve portion 5N and the basebracket 21N. Note, however, that the structure of the first thrustportion 42N or 42 aN may be applied to the thrust portion that isarranged on the upper side of the sleeve portion, i.e., on an oppositeside of the sleeve portion with respect to the base bracket.

In this case, a side on which the base bracket is arranged with respectto the sleeve portion in a direction parallel or substantially parallelto the central axis is considered as the upper side, while the oppositeside is considered as the lower side. In addition, the inside surface ofthe thrust portion includes an inside surface contact portion and aninside surface lower non-contact portion. In other words, the insidesurface of the thrust portion includes an inside surface contact portiondefined by a substantially cylindrical surface arranged in contact withthe outside surface of the shaft, and an inside surface non-contactportion arranged to extend from an end of the inside surface contactportion away from the sleeve portion in a direction away from the sleeveportion. The probability of a deformation of the thrust portion isthereby reduced, and an improvement is achieved in the perpendicularityof the end surface of the thrust portion with respect to the outsidesurface of the shaft.

The sleeve portion and the rotor hub may be defined by separate membersin modifications of the above-described preferred embodiments. Motorsaccording to other preferred embodiments of the present invention may beinstalled in other types of disk drive apparatuses such as, for example,optical disk drive apparatuses.

Features of the above-described preferred embodiments and themodifications thereof may be combined appropriately as long as noconflict arises.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been describedabove, it is to be understood that variations and modifications will beapparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scopeand spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention,therefore, is to be determined solely by the following claims.

1. A fluid dynamic bearing mechanism comprising: a stationary shaftarranged to extend in a vertical direction along a central axis; asleeve portion arranged to rotate with respect to the shaft; a tubularthrust portion fixed to the shaft on a lower side of the sleeve portion,and including an upper end surface arranged opposite to a lower endsurface of the sleeve portion; a cover portion attached to the sleeveportion and arranged opposite to an outside surface of the thrustportion; and a lubricating oil; wherein the shaft and the sleeve portionare arranged to together define a radial gap therebetween, the lower endsurface of the sleeve portion and the upper end surface of the thrustportion are arranged to together define a thrust gap therebetween, andthe lubricating oil is arranged in the radial gap, the thrust gap, and agap between the thrust portion and the cover portion; the radial gapincludes a radial bearing portion arranged to generate a radial dynamicpressure acting on the lubricating oil through a dynamic pressuregroove; the thrust gap includes a thrust bearing portion arranged togenerate a thrust dynamic pressure acting on the lubricating oil througha dynamic pressure groove; the cover portion and the outside surface ofthe thrust portion are arranged to together define a tapered gaptherebetween, the tapered gap gradually increasing in width in adownward direction, and including an interface of the lubricating oillocated therein; the thrust portion is fixed to the shaft; an insidesurface of the thrust portion includes: an inside surface contactportion arranged in direct contact with an outside surface of the shaft;and an inside surface lower non-contact portion spaced away from theoutside surface of the shaft, and arranged to extend downward from alower end of the inside surface contact portion; the outside surface ofthe thrust portion includes an outside surface inclined portion definedby a substantially conical surface arranged to become gradually closerto the central axis with decreasing height, and arranged in contact withthe interface of the lubricating oil; and the lower end of the insidesurface contact portion is arranged at a level higher than that of alower end of the outside surface inclined portion.
 2. The fluid dynamicbearing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the outside surface ofthe thrust portion further includes an outside surface bottom portionarranged to extend downward from the lower end of the outside surfaceinclined portion.
 3. The fluid dynamic bearing mechanism according toclaim 2, wherein the outside surface bottom portion is defined by acylindrical surface arranged to extend in parallel or substantially inparallel with the central axis.
 4. The fluid dynamic bearing mechanismaccording to claim 2, wherein the outside surface bottom portion isdefined by a substantially conical surface arranged to become graduallycloser to the central axis with decreasing height, and having adifferent inclination angle from that of the outside surface inclinedportion with respect to the central axis.
 5. The fluid dynamic bearingmechanism according to claim 1, wherein the outside surface inclinedportion of the thrust portion is arranged to extend over almost all ofan entire axial extent of the outside surface of the thrust portion. 6.The fluid dynamic bearing mechanism according to claim 1, furthercomprising an adhesive arranged between the inside surface contactportion of the thrust portion and the outside surface of the shaft. 7.The fluid dynamic bearing mechanism according to claim 6, wherein one ofthe inside surface of the thrust portion and the outside surface of theshaft includes a recessed portion including the adhesive arrangedtherein.
 8. The fluid dynamic bearing mechanism according to claim 7,wherein the inside surface of the thrust portion further includes aninside surface upper non-contact portion; the inside surface uppernon-contact portion includes a substantially conical surface arranged toextend upward from an upper end of the inside surface contact portionwhile becoming gradually more distant from the central axis withincreasing height; and an adhesive is arranged between the insidesurface upper non-contact portion and the outside surface of the shaft.9. The fluid dynamic bearing mechanism according to claim 6, wherein theinside surface of the thrust portion further includes an inside surfaceupper non-contact portion; the inside surface upper non-contact portionincludes a substantially conical surface arranged to extend upward froman upper end of the inside surface contact portion while becominggradually more distant from the central axis with increasing height; andan adhesive arranged is between the inside surface upper non-contactportion and the outside surface of the shaft.
 10. The fluid dynamicbearing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the outside surface ofthe shaft includes an inclined portion; and the inclined portionincludes a substantially conical surface arranged to become graduallycloser to the central axis with decreasing height, the substantiallyconical surface being arranged on a lower side of a region where theoutside surface of the shaft is in contact with the inside surfacecontact portion of the thrust portion.
 11. The fluid dynamic bearingmechanism according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve portion includes acommunicating channel arranged to extend through the sleeve portion froman upper surface to a lower surface of the sleeve portion, and arrangedto be in communication with an upper portion of the radial gap; thecommunicating channel has the lubricating oil arranged therein; an endopening of the communicating channel is arranged in an outercircumferential portion of the lower surface of the sleeve portionarranged radially outward of the thrust gap; a radially outermostportion of the outside surface of the thrust portion is arranged, inplan view, to be either tangent to a wall surface of the communicatingchannel, or closer to the central axis than the wall surface is to thecentral axis; and the sleeve portion and the cover portion are arrangedto together define a guide gap therebetween, the guide gap beingarranged to direct the lubricating oil from the end opening of thecommunicating channel in a direction of the tapered gap and toward thethrust gap.
 12. The fluid dynamic bearing mechanism according to claim11, wherein the cover portion includes a first annular inclined surfaceand a second annular inclined surface; the guide gap is defined betweenthe sleeve portion and the first annular inclined surface; and thetapered gap is defined between the second annular inclined surface andthe outside surface of the thrust portion.
 13. A motor comprising: thefluid dynamic bearing mechanism of claim 1; a stationary portionincluding the stationary shaft; and a rotating portion including thesleeve portion.
 14. A disk drive apparatus comprising: the motor ofclaim 13 arranged to rotate a disk; an access portion arranged toperform at least one of reading and writing of information from or tothe disk; and a housing arranged to contain the motor and the accessportion.